Propyl paraben
Propyl Paraben is a widely used preservative belonging to the paraben family, known for its antimicrobial properties. It is commonly employed to inhibit the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products. Propyl Paraben is favored for its effectiveness, low toxicity, and compatibility with a broad range of formulations, helping extend product shelf life while maintaining safety.
Propyl paraben
Primary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Used as a preservative in creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup products to prevent microbial contamination.
- Helps maintain product stability and extends shelf life.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Added to topical and oral pharmaceutical formulations to protect against microbial growth.
- Common in ointments, creams, and suspensions.
- Food Industry
- Utilized as a food preservative, especially in baked goods, beverages, and processed foods to prevent spoilage.
Secondary Uses
- Industrial Applications
- Employed in industrial products such as adhesives and paints for antimicrobial protection.
- Veterinary Products
- Used as a preservative in veterinary pharmaceuticals and topical products.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
- Common/Trade Name: Propyl Paraben
- CAS Number: 94-13-3
- HS Code: 2914.11
- Synonyms: Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; E216
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless or faint characteristic odor
- Melting Point: Approximately 97–102°C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, and oils
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May cause skin irritation; low acute toxicity
- Toxicity: Low; generally recognized as safe at recommended concentrations
- Exposure Limits: Follow product safety guidelines
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or glass containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation and inhalation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Approved for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food by regulatory agencies (e.g., FDA, EU)
- Compliance with safety standards and labeling regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low; no significant bioaccumulation
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves and dust mask recommended during handling
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation and skin contact
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and protected from moisture
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms occur
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; get medical help if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible solid
- Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, or CO₂
- Special Precautions: Use protective equipment and avoid inhalation of smoke
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, toxic fumes
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