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Sodium Silicate

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Sodium Silicate is a water-soluble, viscous alkaline liquid with the general formula Na₂SiO₃ (ratios vary). Commonly referred to as water glass or liquid glass, it appears as a clear to slightly cloudy solution. This 20-litre packaged product is known for its excellent adhesive, binding, and sealing properties. It is widely used in industrial, construction, detergent, and water treatment applications. Sodium silicate forms a glassy film upon drying and resists high temperatures and chemical attack, making it extremely versatile across many industries.

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Categories: Binders/Resins, Sealants and Adhesives Tags: Construction and Building Materials, Industrial Cleaning, Inorganic Silicate Solution, Liquid Sodium Silicate, Sodium Silicate, Water Treatment and Softening

Description

Table of Contents

Sodium Silicate

Primary Uses

Construction & Civil Engineering

Concrete Hardening: Penetrates and densifies concrete surfaces to increase durability.
Soil Stabilization: Used in grouting and ground improvement for tunneling and foundation works.
Fireproofing Material: Binds with mineral wool and vermiculite for fire-resistant coatings.
Cement Additive: Enhances chemical resistance and bonding properties.

Detergents & Cleaners

Laundry Detergents: Acts as a builder to soften water and enhance cleaning power.
Dishwashing Liquids: Prevents corrosion of metal surfaces in alkaline solutions.
Industrial Cleaners: Degreases, emulsifies, and disperses oils and fats from surfaces.
Metal Surface Cleaning: Removes scale, rust, and organic residues from machinery and equipment.

Adhesives & Binders

Corrugated Board Adhesives: Binds paper layers in cardboard production.
Foundry Sand Binder: Used in the preparation of sand molds and cores.
Refractory Cement Binder: Binds high-temperature materials in kiln and furnace applications.

Water Treatment

Boiler Water Treatment: Prevents corrosion and scale formation in industrial boilers.
Wastewater Treatment: Clarifies water by coagulating suspended solids.
pH Adjustment: Alkalizes acidic waste streams.

Textile & Pulp Industry

Bleaching Stabilizer: Stabilizes hydrogen peroxide during pulp and fabric bleaching.
Sizing Agent: Improves the stiffness and strength of paper and textiles.
De-inking Agent: Helps in recycling printed paper by loosening ink from fibers.

Automotive & Engineering

Radiator Sealant: Seals minor leaks in vehicle cooling systems.
Exhaust Repair Compounds: Used in high-temperature repair pastes.

Secondary Uses

Ceramics & Pottery

Deflocculant: Reduces viscosity of clay slurries in slip casting.
Glaze Suspension Agent: Improves dispersion and stability of ceramic glazes.

Agriculture

Silicon Supplement: Used experimentally to boost plant resistance to stress.
Pesticide Carrier: Acts as an adjuvant in certain agrochemical formulations.

Mining & Metallurgy

Ore Flotation Agent: Controls pH and acts as a dispersant in ore processing.
Refractory Coating Binder: Used in high-temperature metal processing equipment.

Fire Protection

Intumescent Coatings: Expands when exposed to heat, providing fire resistance.
Passive Fire Barriers: Used in wall and ceiling coatings for fire compartmentalization.

Household Products

Laundry Bluing Base: Occasionally used as a component in traditional laundry preparations.
Toilet Bowl Cleaners: Found in strong alkaline cleaners for scale removal.

Arts & Crafts

Sculpting and Mold Making: Used in creating solidifying molds for metal casting or plaster work.
Paper Mâché Hardener: Improves rigidity and water resistance of paper-based structures.

Laboratory & Research

Silica Gel Precursor: Used in the preparation of desiccants and chromatography media.
Chemical Experiments: Demonstrates chemical garden or crystal growth in educational settings.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Disodium metasilicate (common type)
Common/Trade Name: Sodium Silicate, Water Glass, Liquid Glass
CAS Number: 1344-09-8 (general form)
HS Code: 2839.11.00
Synonyms: Sodium silicate solution, Sodium water glass, Soluble glass

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Viscous liquid solution
Color & Odor: Clear to hazy; odorless
Solubility: Fully miscible in water
Specific Gravity: 1.35–1.55 (varies with ratio and solids content)
pH (1% solution): ~11.3–12.5
Solids Content: 38–45% by weight (for 45% grade)
SiO₂/Na₂O Ratio: Commonly 2.0–3.3 depending on formulation

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Skin Irritant (Category 2), Eye Irritant (Category 2A)
Toxicity: LD₅₀ (oral, rat) ~1150 mg/kg
Exposure Limits: No established limits; handle with general ventilation
Corrosivity: Alkaline—may damage skin, eyes, and mucous membranes

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in sealed containers; avoid freezing or extreme heat
Container Type: 20-litre HDPE jerry cans, drums, or IBCs
Shelf Life: 12–24 months under proper conditions
Handling Precautions: Avoid contact with skin and eyes; do not mix with acids

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

REACH Registered
FDA 21 CFR (Certain Grades) – Permitted as a boiler additive in food processing (indirect use)
RoHS & SVHC Compliant
TSCA Listed – USA
Not classified as hazardous for transport (non-flammable liquid)

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Inorganic; not biodegradable but dilutes and neutralizes naturally
Ecotoxicity: Moderately harmful to aquatic life in concentrated form
Bioaccumulation: None expected
Aquatic Impact: High pH may be harmful to fish and plant life if not neutralized

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Alkaline-resistant gloves, goggles, protective clothing
Handling Guidelines: Avoid breathing mist; use local ventilation if spraying
Storage Measures: Keep container tightly sealed and upright

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation occurs
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes; seek immediate medical help
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; will not support combustion
Extinguishing Media: Use media suitable for surrounding fire (water, CO₂, dry chemical)
Hazardous Combustion Products: None known; stable under normal fire conditions