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Ammonia Acetate
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Ammonium Acetate (NH4CH3COO) is a white crystalline solid or granular powder with a mild ammoniacal odor. It is a salt formed from ammonia and acetic acid, widely used in laboratories, industrial processes, and some niche food and pharmaceutical applications. Ammonium Acetate is highly soluble in water and often utilized as a buffer solution in biochemical and analytical chemistry due to its ability to maintain pH. It also serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various chemicals and acts as a neutralizing agent in several industrial applications.
Description
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Primary UsesÂ
Chemical & Industrial Applications
- Used as a buffering agent in biochemical, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry to maintain stable pH environments, especially in protein purification and DNA extraction processes.
- Employed as a reagent and catalyst in organic synthesis, including the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes.
- Acts as a neutralizing agent in textile printing and dyeing industries to adjust pH and improve color fastness.
- Utilized in the production of cellulose acetate membranes and plastics.
Laboratory & Analytical Uses
- Serves as a volatile buffer in mass spectrometry and chromatography, allowing sample desalting without salt residue interference.
- Used in electrophoresis buffers for protein and nucleic acid separation.
- Involved in buffer solutions for gel electrophoresis and nucleic acid hybridization techniques.
Secondary Uses
Food Industry
- Occasionally used as a food additive or preservative (E262) in some countries, although limited due to ammonium odor and taste.
- Sometimes used in baking powder formulations as a leavening agent.
Pharmaceutical Industry
- Used as a component in certain pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering or stabilizing agent.
Agriculture
- Occasionally applied in fertilizers or as a nitrogen source supplement in specialized applications.
PRODUCT KEY ATTRIBUTES
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium Acetate
- Common/Trade Names: Ammonium Acetate
- CAS Number: 631-61-8
- HS Code: 2921.29.00
- Molecular Formula: C2H7NO2
- Synonyms: Acetic acid ammonium salt, Ethanoic acid ammonium salt
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White crystalline solid or granular powder
- Color & Odor: White, with mild ammoniacal odor
- Melting Point: 114°C (decomposes)
- Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
- Density: ~1.17 g/cm³
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (108 g/100 mL at 0 °C), slightly soluble in ethanol
- pH Level: Slightly basic to neutral in aqueous solution (pH ~7–8)
- Vapor Pressure: Negligible
- Flash Point: Non-flammable
- Autoignition Temperature: N/A
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Generally regarded as low hazard; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, or respiratory tract
- NFPA Ratings: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1
- Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA PEL; standard good industrial hygiene practices recommended
- Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; decomposes at high temperature releasing ammonia and acetic acid vapors
- Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acids, and bases
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or glass containers preferred
- Shelf Life: Typically 2-3 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use personal protective equipment (PPE)
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Regulatory Status: Not a controlled substance; approved for laboratory and industrial use
- Transportation: Not classified as hazardous under most transport regulations
- Waste Disposal: Dispose in accordance with local regulations; generally considered non-hazardous waste
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms
- Persistence: Biodegradable under natural environmental conditions
- Carcinogenicity: No evidence of carcinogenicity
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
SAFETY HANDLING
- PPE: Wear gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to avoid skin and eye contact. Use dust mask or respirator when handling powder to prevent inhalation.
- Handling: Avoid creating dust and ensure adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat and incompatible materials.
- Storage: Store tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.
- Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur.
- Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists.
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for 15 minutes; get medical attention if irritation continues.
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; may decompose at high temperatures releasing ammonia and acetic acid vapors which are irritating and toxic.
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, or COâ‚‚.
- Precautions: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus due to toxic fumes risk. Cool containers with water spray to prevent rupture.
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