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Ammonia solution
Original price was: $ 1.65.$ 1.55Current price is: $ 1.55.
Ammonia solutions, often referred to as aqueous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, are clear, colorless liquids consisting of ammonia gas dissolved in water. The concentration of ammonia in these solutions typically ranges from 5% to 35% by weight. Ammonia solutions possess a pungent odor characteristic of ammonia gas and are alkaline with a pH typically between 11 and 12.5. This solution is widely used across various industries due to its excellent cleaning properties, reactivity, and role as a nitrogen source.
Ammonia solution
Primary Uses
- Industrial Cleaning & Degreasing
- Ammonia solutions are extensively used as a powerful cleaning and degreasing agent in industrial, commercial, and residential environments.
- Commonly employed for cleaning glass, stainless steel, ceramic tiles, and hard surfaces because of its ability to dissolve grease and grime without leaving residue.
- Used in food processing plants and dairies to sanitize equipment due to its antimicrobial properties.
- Agriculture & Fertilizers
- Serves as a vital nitrogen source in fertilizers (liquid fertilizers, ammonium nitrate production) promoting plant growth and soil enrichment.
- Used to adjust soil pH in certain agricultural practices.
- Acts as a precursor to other nitrogen-containing fertilizers like urea and ammonium sulfate.
- Chemical Manufacturing
- Used as a reagent in the production of various chemicals, including explosives, plastics, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.
- Essential in the manufacture of ammonium salts, cleaning agents, and neutralizing acidic waste streams.
- Water Treatment
- Applied in municipal and industrial water treatment plants as a pH adjuster and to help remove organic contaminants.
- Used in chloramination processes to disinfect water by forming chloramines, a more stable disinfectant than chlorine alone.
- Refrigeration Systems
- Ammonia solutions are used as an intermediate in the production of anhydrous ammonia for industrial refrigeration systems, especially in food storage and processing plants.
Secondary Uses
- Household Cleaners
- Found in some household cleaning products for windows, kitchens, and bathrooms due to its effective grease-cutting and odor-neutralizing capabilities.
- Textile Industry
- Utilized in textile processing, particularly in the mercerization of cotton which improves fabric strength, luster, and dye uptake.
- Helps in neutralizing and cleaning residues during fabric finishing.
- Pharmaceutical Applications
- Used in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals as a reactant or pH adjuster.
- Occasionally used in lab reagent preparations and diagnostics.
- Food Industry
- Used sparingly and carefully as a food additive (E527) mainly in the baking industry as a leavening agent or pH regulator, though concentration and use are strictly regulated due to toxicity concerns.
- Laboratory Uses
- Employed as a reagent or solvent in analytical chemistry and qualitative inorganic analysis.
- Used for ammonia vapor generation in laboratory settings.
- Leather Industry
- Used in tanning and leather processing to help remove unwanted fats and proteins and to soften hides.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium hydroxide solution
- Common/Trade Names: Ammonia solution, Aqueous ammonia, Ammonium hydroxide
- CAS Number: 1336-21-6
- HS Code: 2814.10.00
- Molecular Formula: NH3·H2O (variable depending on concentration)
- Synonyms: Ammonium hydroxide, Ammonia water, Aqua ammonia
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Clear, colorless liquid
- Odor: Strong, pungent ammonia odor
- Melting Point: Approx. -77.7°C (for pure ammonia) — aqueous solution freezes around -50°C depending on concentration
- Boiling Point: Varies with concentration; ~37°C (for 30% solution)
- Density: ~0.90-0.95 g/cm³ (depending on concentration)
- Solubility: Completely miscible with water (it is water solution)
- pH Level: Typically 11–12.5 (alkaline)
- Vapor Pressure: High (due to ammonia volatility)
- Flash Point: Non-flammable
- Autoignition Temperature: N/A
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Corrosive to skin and eyes; hazardous to respiratory system
- NFPA Ratings: Health 3, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL = 50 ppm (8-hour TWA), ACGIH TLV = 25 ppm
- Reactivity: Reacts vigorously with acids, halogens, and oxidizers
- Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, halogens, chlorine bleach, copper, silver, mercury
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in cool, well-ventilated, dry area away from incompatible materials and direct sunlight. Containers must be tightly closed.
- Container Type: Typically stored in corrosion-resistant steel or polyethylene containers.
- Shelf Life: Stable for 1-2 years under proper storage.
- Special Handling: Use proper PPE including gloves, goggles, and respirators; avoid inhaling vapors; ensure good ventilation.
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Regulatory Status: Classified as hazardous; regulated by OSHA, EPA, and other agencies.
- Transportation: Classified as hazardous material; subject to DOT regulations (UN2672).
- Waste Disposal: Dispose of per local hazardous waste regulations; neutralize before disposal if possible.
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life; can cause environmental harm if released in large quantities.
- Persistence: Ammonia volatilizes rapidly but is toxic in water at high levels.
- Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic.
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable but can disrupt aquatic ecosystems if spilled.
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, and protective clothing. Use respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate.
- Handling: Handle in well-ventilated areas. Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin/eyes.
- Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, away from acids and oxidizers.
- Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas.
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately; if breathing is difficult, give oxygen and seek medical attention.
- Skin Contact: Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; get medical help if irritation persists.
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek urgent medical attention due to corrosive potential.
- Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting; rinse mouth and drink plenty of water; seek emergency medical help immediately.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but may release toxic ammonia vapors when heated.
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or CO₂ on surrounding fire.
- Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus due to ammonia vapor toxicity. Cool containers with water spray.
Related products
Ammonia Acetate
Ammonia Acetate is a white crystalline solid or granular powder with a mild ammoniacal odor. It is a salt formed from ammonia and acetic acid, widely used in laboratories, industrial processes, and some niche food and pharmaceutical applications. Ammonium Acetate is highly soluble in water and often utilized as a buffer solution in biochemical and analytical chemistry due to its ability to maintain pH. It also serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various chemicals and acts as a neutralizing agent in several industrial applications.
Ammonium Bicarbonate
Ammonium bicarbonate is a white crystalline powder or granules with a slightly alkaline taste and a characteristic ammoniacal odor. It is a white solid that decomposes readily on heating, releasing ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. It is widely used in the food industry as a leavening agent, in chemical synthesis, and in various industrial applications. Its unique property of decomposing to release gases makes it valuable for baking and other processes where gas release is desired.
Ammonium Sulphate
Ammonium Sulphate is an inorganic salt with the formula (NH₄)₂SO₄. It appears as a white crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, and is widely used as a fertilizer due to its high nitrogen and sulfur content. Besides agriculture, ammonium sulphate finds extensive use in industrial processes, food additives, pharmaceutical applications, and water treatment. It acts as a soil amendment to improve nitrogen levels and acidity, a flocculating agent in water purification, and a stabilizer or precipitant in biochemical and pharmaceutical formulations.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt composed of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl₂. It typically appears as a white crystalline solid or granular powder, highly soluble in water and exhibiting strong hygroscopic properties. Calcium Chloride is widely used for its moisture-absorbing ability, de-icing, dust control, and as a firming agent in food processing. It finds extensive applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors due to its efficacy in modifying physical and chemical properties of products and environments.
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Hydrochloric Acid HCL is a highly corrosive, strong mineral acid consisting of hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in water to a concentration of approximately 33% by weight. It appears as a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. HCl 33% is widely used in industrial, chemical, and laboratory applications due to its strong acidic properties, high reactivity, and versatility. It plays a crucial role in pH control, metal processing, chemical synthesis, and cleaning processes across numerous sectors.
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