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Caustic Soda Flakes
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Caustic Soda Flakes, also known as Sodium Hydroxide Flakes (NaOH), are a highly alkaline, white, solid substance that is crystalline and flaky in form. Produced by evaporating aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions, these flakes are highly soluble in water and exhibit strong corrosive properties. Caustic Soda Flakes are widely used in a variety of industrial, chemical, and manufacturing processes due to their strong alkalinity, ability to saponify fats, and effectiveness in pH adjustment. Their high purity and ease of handling in flake form make them suitable for use in chemical synthesis, pulp and paper production, water treatment, and detergent manufacturing.
Description
Caustic Soda Flakes Uses
- Primary Uses
Chemical Industry
- Used as a fundamental raw material in the manufacture of soaps, detergents, and cleaning agents by saponifying fats and oils.
- Serves as a critical reactant in the production of chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite, sodium phosphate, and various sodium salts.
- Utilized in pH regulation and neutralization processes across many chemical manufacturing operations.
Pulp and Paper Industry
- Employed in the pulping process to break down lignin and separate cellulose fibers, aiding in paper production.
- Used in bleaching and chemical recovery processes to improve paper quality and efficiency.
Water Treatment
- Adjusts and controls pH in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants.
- Aids in the removal of heavy metals and neutralization of acidic wastes.
Detergents & Cleaning Products
- Acts as a powerful cleaning and degreasing agent in industrial and household detergent formulations.
- Used in drain cleaners and oven cleaners for its ability to dissolve organic matter and fats.
Secondary Uses
Food Industry
- Used as a food additive (E524) in controlled amounts as a pH regulator and peeling agent for fruits and vegetables, e.g., in the processing of olives and cocoa.
- Employed in the production of caramel color and in refining edible oils.
Textile Industry
- Utilized in the mercerization process to treat cotton fibers, improving dye uptake, strength, and luster.
Petroleum Industry
- Used in refining crude oil and neutralizing acidic components.
Aluminum Production
- Applied in the Bayer process for extracting alumina from bauxite ore.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium hydroxide
- Common/Trade Name: Caustic Soda Flakes
- CAS Number: 1310-73-2
- HS Code: 2815.12.00
- Molecular Formula: NaOH
- Synonyms:
- Sodium Hydroxide Flakes
- Lye Flakes
- Caustic Soda
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid flakes
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Melting Point: 318°C (604°F)
- Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
- Density: ~2.13 g/cm³ (solid)
- Solubility:
- Highly soluble in water (exothermic dissolution)
- Insoluble in organic solvents
- pH (1% aqueous solution): Approximately 14 (strongly alkaline)
- Stability: Stable under dry conditions; reacts vigorously with water and acids
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 1A)
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 3
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 1
- Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 2 mg/m³ (ceiling)
- Toxicity: Corrosive; causes severe burns on contact with skin or eyes
- Reactivity: Highly reactive with acids, water, and some metals; exothermic reaction with water
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and incompatible substances (e.g., acids, organic materials).
- Container Type: Corrosion-resistant containers such as polyethylene drums or coated steel drums.
- Shelf Life: Indefinite if stored properly (dry and sealed).
- Special Handling: Use full PPE; handle with care to avoid contact and inhalation of dust or mist.
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Approved as a food additive (E524) under strict conditions
- REACH Status: Registered
- Transportation: Classified as a hazardous material (UN1823 or UN1824 depending on form)
- Waste Disposal: Dispose of according to local hazardous waste regulations; neutralize before disposal.
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life due to high pH; must be neutralized before discharge.
- Persistence: Does not bioaccumulate; rapidly neutralizes in the environment.
- Bioaccumulation: Not applicable
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Biodegradability: Not biodegradable (inorganic chemical)
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., neoprene, nitrile)
- Protective goggles or face shield
- Long-sleeved protective clothing
- Respiratory protection when dust or mist is present
Handling Measures:
- Avoid inhalation of dust and contact with skin and eyes
- Use in well-ventilated areas
- Keep away from acids and incompatible materials
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly sealed
- Store in dry conditions to prevent caking and reaction with moisture
- Implement spill containment procedures
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms occur.
- Skin Contact: Rinse immediately with copious water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek urgent medical care.
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water continuously for at least 15 minutes; seek immediate medical attention.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical help.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable, but reacts violently with water and acids generating heat.
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO₂, or foam on adjacent fires; do not use water directly on caustic soda to avoid violent reaction.
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Decomposition Products: May release toxic fumes of sodium oxides and hydrogen gas when in contact with metals.
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