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hoffman voltameter complete
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hoffman voltameter complete

Original price was: $6,000.00.Current price is: $5,850.00.

The Hofmann voltameter is a laboratory apparatus designed to demonstrate the process of electrolysis, particularly the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases when an electric current is applied. It consists of three vertical tubes: a central one holding the electrolyte (typically water mixed with sulfuric acid to improve conductivity) and two graduated outer tubes, which collect the gases produced during the reaction. At the base of the outer tubes are electrodes, with the cathode connected to the negative terminal and the anode to the positive terminal of the power source. When the electric current is passed through the electrolyte, hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode and oxygen gas at the anode, following the redox reactions of water. The gases rise and accumulate in the outer tubes, with hydrogen forming in double the volume of oxygen, illustrating the molecular composition of water (H₂O). The Hofmann voltameter not only visually demonstrates electrolysis but also allows for accurate gas volume measurements, making it a valuable tool for studying chemical reactions, Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, and the fundamentals of electrochemistry in educational setting

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SKU: ACS98276CHEM0 Category:
Description

Uses of hoffman voltameter complete

1. Electrolysis Demonstration

  • Water Electrolysis: It is commonly used to demonstrate the electrolysis of water into its components, hydrogen and oxygen gases, with the help of an electric current.
    • At the cathode: Hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced.
    • At the anode: Oxygen gas (O₂) is produced.
  • This process helps visualize how water (H₂O) is broken down into its elemental gases.

2. Volume Measurement of Gases

  • The outer tubes of the Hofmann voltameter are graduated, allowing for accurate measurement of the volume of gases produced during electrolysis. Typically, the volume of hydrogen collected is twice that of oxygen, which demonstrates the 2:1 ratio in the molecular composition of water (H₂O).

3. Chemical Composition of Water

  • By collecting and analyzing the gases produced during electrolysis, the Hofmann voltameter provides evidence for the chemical composition of water (two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen), reinforcing key concepts in chemistry regarding molecular structure.

4. Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis

  • The Hofmann voltameter can be used to verify Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, which relate the amount of chemical change (or the amount of substance deposited or liberated at an electrode) to the amount of electric charge passed through the electrolyte.
    • The apparatus helps students understand the quantitative relationship between electricity and the substances produced during electrolysis.

5. Electrochemical Reactions Studies

  • The voltameter is also useful in studying the reactions that take place at the electrodes during electrolysis, particularly oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions. It helps to reinforce the concepts of oxidation (loss of electrons) and reduction (gain of electrons).

6. Stoichiometry and Gas Laws

  • The results from Hofmann voltameter experiments can be used to apply stoichiometric principles and gas laws. For example, the ideal gas law can be used to calculate the amount of gas produced in relation to the electric current applied.

7. Introduction to Hydrogen as a Fuel

  • Hydrogen gas collected in the Hofmann voltameter can be ignited to demonstrate the combustibility of hydrogen, which is relevant in discussions on hydrogen as a clean fuel source
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