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Naphazolin hCL USP
Naphazolin hCL USP (Naphazolin HCL) is a topical sympathomimetic agent commonly used as a nasal decongestant and ophthalmic vasoconstrictor. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder soluble in water and alcohol. Naphazolin HCL works by constricting blood vessels, reducing swelling and redness in mucous membranes and eyes. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations such as nasal sprays and eye drops.
Naphazolin hCL USP
Primary Uses
- Nasal Decongestant
- Used in nasal sprays and drops to relieve nasal congestion caused by colds, allergies, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections.
- Effective in reducing nasal mucosa swelling and improving airflow by vasoconstriction.
- Commonly found in over-the-counter and prescription nasal decongestant products.
- Ophthalmic Vasoconstrictor
- Used in eye drops to relieve redness caused by minor eye irritations, allergies, conjunctivitis, and dryness.
- Provides temporary relief by constricting conjunctival blood vessels, reducing eye redness and swelling.
- Utilized in pre- and post-operative eye care to reduce ocular congestion.
Secondary Uses
- Combination Pharmaceutical Products
- Incorporated with antihistamines, analgesics, or corticosteroids to provide combined relief of allergy symptoms or eye conditions.
- Veterinary Applications
- Used in veterinary ophthalmic and nasal preparations for similar vasoconstrictive effects in animals.
- Emergency Medical Use
- Occasionally used in emergency nasal or ocular care to quickly reduce swelling and improve breathing or vision clarity.
- Research and Diagnostic Use
- Used in laboratories and research for studies involving vasoconstriction and drug efficacy related to mucous membranes and ocular tissues.
- Adjunct in Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
- Used as supportive therapy to alleviate nasal congestion associated with allergic rhinitis.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 2-(1-Naphthyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-imidazoline hydrochloride
- Common/Trade Name: Naphazolin HCL, Naphazoline Hydrochloride
- CAS Number: 147-69-7
- HS Code: 2933.99.90
- Synonyms: Naphazoline hydrochloride; Naphazoline HCl
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Freely soluble in water and alcohol
- Melting Point: 170–175°C (decomposes)
- pH (1% aqueous solution): Approximately 4.5–5.5
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under normal pharmaceutical use
- Toxicity: Low toxicity at therapeutic doses; overdose can cause systemic effects
- Exposure Limits: N/A for pharmaceutical-grade product
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place protected from light
- Container Type: Supplied in airtight containers or pharmaceutical packaging
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of powder and contact with eyes (undiluted)
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with USP (United States Pharmacopeia) standards
- Registered under relevant pharmaceutical regulatory authorities (FDA, EMA, etc.)
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Data not applicable due to pharmaceutical use
- Ecotoxicity: Low risk due to controlled medical use
- Bioaccumulation: Not applicable
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves recommended during handling of raw powder
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust generation; handle in well-ventilated area
- Storage Measures: Keep container tightly closed; protect from moisture and light
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms develop
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Seek immediate medical attention; do not induce vomiting unless directed
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Not highly flammable but combustible
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂
- Special Precautions: Wear protective equipment to avoid inhalation of dust
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce nitrogen oxides and other toxic fumes
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