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Indion Cation Resin
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Indion Cation Resin is a synthetic ion exchange resin designed primarily for the removal of positively charged ions (cations) from water and various liquid streams. Typically composed of a sulfonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) copolymer, this resin features a highly porous bead structure with functional groups that exchange hydrogen or sodium ions for calcium, magnesium, iron, and other metallic cations. Available in different forms (strong acid cation, weak acid cation), Indion Cation Resin is widely used in water treatment, industrial processes, and purification systems.
Description
Indion Cation Resin
Primary Uses
- Water Treatment & Purification
- Water Softening: Removes hardness-causing ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) in residential, commercial, and industrial water systems, preventing scale buildup in boilers and pipes.
- Demineralization/Deionization: Used in combination with anion exchange resins to produce high-purity water by removing nearly all dissolved ionic contaminants.
- Boiler Feed Water Treatment: Ensures low conductivity and reduced scaling in high-pressure boilers by eliminating dissolved salts and metal cations.
- Condensate Polishing: Removes impurities from condensed steam in power plants to protect turbines and condensers from corrosion.
- Industrial Processing
- Chemical Manufacturing: Removes interfering cations in process streams to ensure reaction specificity, purity, and product yield.
- Pharmaceutical & Biotech Applications: Used in water-for-injection (WFI) systems and laboratory-scale purification where ultrapure water is essential.
- Food & Beverage Industry: Applied in beverage processing (e.g., sugar refining, juice clarification) to remove unwanted metallic ions that affect taste, color, and stability.
- Metal Recovery & Separation
- Hydrometallurgy: Extracts valuable metal ions such as copper, nickel, or rare earth elements from leach solutions during mining and ore processing.
- Electroplating Baths: Maintains bath chemistry by removing excess or contaminant metal ions.
Secondary Uses
- Environmental Remediation
- Wastewater Treatment: Removes heavy metals (Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺) from industrial effluents before discharge or recycling.
- Groundwater Clean-up: Deployed in environmental engineering to reduce toxic metal content in contaminated aquifers.
- Laboratory Applications
- Analytical Sample Preparation: Conditions and purifies samples by removing matrix interferences prior to spectroscopy or chromatography.
- Ion Chromatography Pre-treatment: Used to condition samples by removing cations that interfere with accurate separation and detection.
- Specialty Applications
- Catalyst Support: Acts as a solid support or medium for acid-catalyzed reactions in organic synthesis and fine chemical manufacturing.
- Electronics Industry: Helps produce ultrapure rinse water in semiconductor and electronics manufacturing.
KEY ATTRIBUTES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Polystyrene sulfonic acid (crosslinked with divinylbenzene), hydrogen or sodium form
- Common/Trade Name: Indion Cation Resin
- CAS Number: 69011-20-7 (typical for sulfonated PS-DVB resins)
- HS Code: 3914.00.21 (Ion-exchange resins, based on polymers)
- Synonyms: Cation Exchange Resin; SAC Resin (Strong Acid Cation); WAC Resin (Weak Acid Cation); Polystyrene Sulfonate Resin
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Spherical beads
- Color & Odor: Amber to golden brown (typical); odorless
- Bead Size: 0.3–1.2 mm (customizable depending on grade)
- Moisture Content: 45–60% (hydrated form)
- Ionic Form: Supplied in H⁺ or Na⁺ form
- Capacity: 1.8–2.2 eq/L (depending on resin type and condition)
- Swelling: ~5–10% upon regeneration (varies by grade)
- Solubility: Insoluble in water and common solvents
- Functional Group: Sulfonic acid (-SO₃H) for SAC resins; carboxylic acid (-COOH) for WAC resins
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification
- Not classified as hazardous under GHS
Toxicity
- Non-toxic; not absorbed in biological systems
- Not intended for ingestion or inhalation of dry powder
Exposure Limits
- No specific occupational exposure limits established
- Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions
- Store in original packaging, away from sunlight and extreme temperatures
- Keep hydrated; never allow resin to dry out completely
Container Type
- Supplied in polyethylene-lined fiber drums, HDPE containers, or bulk super sacks
Shelf Life
- Up to 5 years if stored properly in hydrated form
Handling Precautions
- Avoid impact or crushing to preserve bead integrity
- Use appropriate PPE when handling in bulk or during regeneration with acids/bases
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Food & Pharmaceutical Grades: Certain Indion grades are compliant with USP, EP, and FDA regulations for use in water treatment and food processing
- REACH & RoHS Compliance: Many variants meet European regulatory standards
- NSF Certification: Select grades are certified for use in potable water systems
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not biodegradable (synthetic polymer backbone)
- Ecotoxicity: Not inherently toxic to aquatic life in stable, bead form
- Bioaccumulation: Not bioaccumulative
- Disposal: Resin should be disposed according to local regulations; regeneration chemicals must be handled and neutralized appropriately
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
PPE Required
- Gloves, safety goggles, and dust mask when handling in dry form or during transfer
- Apron and face shield during regeneration (acid/base handling)
Handling Guidelines
- Avoid mechanical stress or heat exposure
- Do not let resin dry out (resin performance degrades irreversibly when desiccated)
Storage Measures
- Store in moisture-retaining packaging
- Avoid storage near oxidizing agents or reactive chemicals
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: If dust or fumes (from regeneration) are inhaled, move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Skin Contact: Rinse with soap and water if irritation occurs; avoid prolonged contact with regenerant solutions
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Not intended for ingestion; seek medical advice if swallowed
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Not flammable; however, will emit toxic fumes (CO, CO₂, SOₓ) when burned
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, CO₂, dry chemical, or foam
- Special Precautions: Use SCBA and full protective gear; avoid inhaling combustion gases
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