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Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate
Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate (SAPP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na₂H₂P₂O₇. It is a white, crystalline powder or granular solid that serves as a versatile leavening agent, buffering agent, and sequestrant. SAPP is widely used in food processing, water treatment, and industrial applications due to its ability to control pH, chelate metals, and modify texture.
Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate
Primary Uses
- Food Industry (E450i)
- Leavening Agent: Releases carbon dioxide slowly in baked goods (e.g., cakes, muffins, refrigerated doughs).
- pH Control: Maintains acidity in processed cheeses, potato products, and canned seafood.
- Emulsifier & Stabilizer: Improves texture in puddings, whipped toppings, and meat products.
- Water Treatment
- Corrosion Inhibitor: Prevents scale formation in boilers and cooling towers.
- Metal Sequestrant: Binds iron and manganese to prevent discoloration in drinking water.
- Oil & Gas Industry
- Drilling Fluid Additive: Controls viscosity and prevents clay swelling.
- Cleaning Products
- Dishwasher Detergent: Softens water and enhances cleaning efficiency.
- Textile Industry
- Dyeing Auxiliary: Stabilizes hydrogen peroxide in bleaching processes.
- Industrial Applications
- Electroplating: Regulates bath pH and improves metal deposition.
Secondary Uses
- Concrete Setting
- Retarder: Slows cement hydration in hot climates.
- Pet Food
- Preservative & Texture Modifier: Extends shelf life and improves palatability.
- Photography
- Developer Component: Adjusts pH in photographic solutions.
- Ceramics
- Deflocculant: Aids in slurry viscosity control.
- Fire Retardants
- Synergist: Enhances flame resistance in materials.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Excipient: Used in effervescent tablets.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate.
- Common/Trade Names: SAPP, Pyrophosphate.
- CAS Number: 7758-16-9.
- HS Code: 2835.39.00.
- Synonyms: Disodium pyrophosphate, Diphosphoric acid disodium salt.
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White powder or granules.
- Color & Odor: White; odorless.
- Melting Point: Decomposes at 220°C.
- Solubility: Soluble in water (12 g/100 mL at 20°C).
- Density: 1.86 g/cm³.
- pH: 3.5–4.5 (1% solution).
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May cause skin/eye irritation (H315, H319).
- Toxicity: Low (LD₅₀ > 2,000 mg/kg oral, rat).
- Exposure Limits: Avoid dust inhalation; TWA 5 mg/m³ (respirable dust).
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Cool, dry place; keep sealed to prevent moisture absorption.
- Container Type: Polyethylene-lined bags or drums.
- Shelf Life: 2+ years if stored properly.
- Handling Precautions: Use gloves, goggles, and dust masks.
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Food-Grade: FDA 21 CFR 182, EU E450i, JECFA compliant.
- Industrial: REACH registered; meets NSF/ANSI Standard 60 for water treatment.
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Not readily biodegradable.
- Ecotoxicity: Low; avoid excessive release into waterways.
- Disposal: Follow local regulations for inorganic salts.
Safety Handling Precautions
PPE Required:
- Gloves (nitrile/neoprene), goggles, dust mask, and protective clothing.
Handling Guidelines:
- Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid dust generation.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke during handling.
Storage Measures:
- Keep in tightly closed containers, away from moisture and incompatible materials (acids, oxidizers
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if coughing persists.
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water.
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for 15 minutes; consult a doctor.
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; drink water; do not induce vomiting.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable.
- Extinguishing Media: Water, foam, dry chemical.
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Phosphorus oxides (if decomposed at high temps).
Related products
Dicalcium Phosphate
Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP) is an inorganic compound commonly used as a dietary supplement, food additive, and a key raw material in pharmaceuticals and animal nutrition. It appears as a white crystalline powder or granules and provides a highly bioavailable source of calcium and phosphorus, essential minerals for bone health, metabolic functions, and overall growth. DCP is widely used in the feed industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, and various industrial applications, appreciated for its purity, stability, and nutritional value.
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCP Dihydrate) is an odorless, white crystalline powder or granule composed of calcium and phosphate in a hydrated form. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, animal feed, and industrial sectors. It serves as a calcium and phosphorus supplement, excipient, and abrasive agent, valued for its stability, bioavailability, and neutral taste. DCP Dihydrate complies with various pharmacopeial standards (e.g., USP, BP, FCC) depending on the grade.
Ferrous Gluconate
Ferrous Gluconate is an iron salt of gluconic acid, appearing as a pale greenish-blue or green crystalline powder or granules. It is widely used as a nutritional iron supplement and food additive due to its good bioavailability and relatively low toxicity compared to other iron salts. Ferrous Gluconate is water-soluble, providing a stable source of ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) that is easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. This compound is commonly employed in pharmaceuticals, food fortification, and medical formulations to treat or prevent iron deficiency anemia. It is also used as a reducing agent and color stabilizer in various industrial applications.
Fumaric Acid
Fumaric Acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid characterized by its white crystalline powder form and a slightly acidic taste. It is an unsaturated organic acid with the chemical formula C4H4O4 and is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle in biological systems. Fumaric Acid is commonly found in various plants and fungi and is commercially produced by isomerization of maleic acid or by fermentation. It is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical, and polymer industries due to its acidulant, antioxidant, and crosslinking properties.
Magnesium Carbonate Light
Magnesium Carbonate Light is a fine, white, odorless powder primarily composed of magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃). It is characterized by its light texture and high purity. This mineral compound is widely used across various industries due to its excellent absorption properties, mild alkalinity, and non-toxic nature. Magnesium Carbonate Light is commonly employed as an antacid, drying agent, filler, and flow aid in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
Malic Acid
Malic Acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid found in many fruits, particularly apples, and is commonly used as a food additive, flavor enhancer, and acidulant. It is available in crystalline or powder form and has a strong, tart taste. Commercially, it is produced synthetically or extracted from natural sources. Malic Acid exists in two isomeric forms: L-malic acid (naturally occurring and biologically active) and DL-malic acid (synthetic racemic mixture). It is highly soluble in water and widely used in food, beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is a white, odorless, tasteless polysaccharide produced from partial hydrolysis of starch (typically corn, potato, rice, or wheat starch). It consists of short chains of D-glucose units and is classified by its dextrose equivalent (DE), typically ranging from 3 to 20. Maltodextrin is easily digestible, water-soluble, and has a mildly sweet to nearly neutral flavor depending on its DE value. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications as a filler, thickener, bulking agent, and carrier, owing to its excellent functionality and safety.
Maninitol BP
Maninitol BP is a white, crystalline, sugar alcohol derived from mannose, widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. It functions as a sweetener, humectant, and excipient. Mannitol BP is non-hygroscopic and has low sweetness compared to sucrose, making it ideal for sugar-free formulations. It is commonly employed in tablet manufacturing as a filler and binder, and in medical settings as an osmotic diuretic to reduce intracranial pressure. The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) grade ensures compliance with pharmacopeial standards for purity and quality.
