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Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCP Dihydrate) is an odorless, white crystalline powder or granule composed of calcium and phosphate in a hydrated form. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, animal feed, and industrial sectors. It serves as a calcium and phosphorus supplement, excipient, and abrasive agent, valued for its stability, bioavailability, and neutral taste. DCP Dihydrate complies with various pharmacopeial standards (e.g., USP, BP, FCC) depending on the grade.
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used as an excipient in tablets and capsules as a diluent, binder, and buffering agent.
- Offers excellent compressibility and flowability in direct compression formulations.
- Used in toothpaste as a gentle abrasive and polishing agent.
- Animal Feed & Veterinary
- Supplement in livestock and poultry feed as a bioavailable source of calcium and phosphorus, essential for bone and eggshell development.
- Used in pet supplements for nutritional fortification.
- Food & Nutraceuticals
- Used in mineral supplements, tablets, and powders as a source of calcium and phosphorus.
- Added to flour, cereals, and dairy products as a nutrient fortifier.
- Acts as a leavening agent in baking powders when combined with sodium bicarbonate.
Secondary Uses
- Dental Care Products
- Acts as a gentle abrasive and remineralization agent in oral care products like tooth powders and pastes.
- Fertilizers
- Occasionally used in specialized formulations as a soil conditioner or slow-release phosphorus source.
- Industrial Applications
- Used in ceramics and polishing compounds.
- Employed as a filler in non-toxic applications like plastics, paints, and sealants.
- Laboratory & Research Use
- Used as a reference compound or reagent in analytical chemistry and biology for phosphate and calcium studies.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCP Dihydrate)
- CAS Number: 7789-77-7
- HS Code: 2835.25.00
- Molecular Formula: CaHPO₄·2H₂O
- Synonyms:
- Calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate
- DCP Dihydrate
- Calcium monohydrogen phosphate dihydrate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline powder or granules
- Color & Odor: White; odorless and tasteless
- Melting Point: Decomposes before melting
- Boiling Point: Not applicable
- Density: ~2.31 g/cm³
- Solubility:
- Slightly soluble in water (~0.02 g/100 mL at 25°C)
- Insoluble in alcohol
- pH (suspension): 6.5–8.0
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; loses water when heated
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 0
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
- Exposure Limits: None established; considered safe under normal use
- Toxicity: Non-toxic; high doses may cause constipation or hypercalcemia if consumed excessively
- Reactivity: Stable and non-reactive under normal handling
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from moisture and strong acids
- Container Type: Fiber drums, HDPE bags, or food/pharma-grade containers
- Shelf Life: Up to 3 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Use dry, clean scoops; avoid contamination and moisture exposure
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) for food use
- USP/NF Status: Complies with United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and BP standards for pharmaceutical grade
- Food Additive Code (EU): E341(ii)
- REACH Status: Registered and compliant
- Transportation: Not regulated as hazardous material
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local, state, and national regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Not harmful to aquatic or terrestrial environments
- Persistence: Non-persistent; breaks down naturally
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Environmentally benign and safe
Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Gloves
- Dust mask or respirator (in dusty environments)
- Safety goggles
- Lab coat or apron
Handling Measures:
- Avoid creating or inhaling dust
- Use local exhaust ventilation when handling bulk material
- Wash hands after handling
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly closed and in a dry area
- Avoid moisture to prevent caking or degradation
Hygiene Practices:
- Maintain general industrial hygiene
- Avoid food contact if using technical or feed-grade material
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; rinse throat with water if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; no special treatment usually needed
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for several minutes; seek attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Non-toxic; rinse mouth with water; seek advice if large amounts are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible
- Extinguishing Media: Use media suitable for surrounding fire
- Special Precautions: No specific risks; wear standard protective gear
- Decomposition Products: None known under normal conditions
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