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Stearic Acid
Stearic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid, appearing as a white, waxy solid with a mild, characteristic odor. It is a naturally occurring substance found in animal and vegetable fats and oils. As one of the most common fatty acids, it is a fundamental building block in the manufacture of a vast array of consumer and industrial products. Its key functions include use as a lubricant, softener, thickener, and emulsifier, making it an indispensable ingredient in industries ranging from plastics and rubber to cosmetics and food.
Stearic Acid
Primary Uses
- Plastics & Polymer Manufacturing
- Used as a powerful lubricant and release agent during PVC and other polymer processing, preventing sheets from sticking to equipment.
- Acts as a plasticizer and flow enhancer.
- Rubber Processing
- Serves as a softening agent and plasticizer, improving the plasticity and processability of rubber compounds.
- Acts as a vulcanization activator.
- Cosmetic & Personal Care
- Used as an emollient, thickener, and opacifying agent in creams, lotions, and soaps.
- Helps stabilize emulsions and provides a smooth, luxurious texture.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Employed as a tablet lubricant and binder in solid dosage formulations, ensuring efficient production and consistent drug release.
- Food & Beverage
- Used as a binder, emulsifier, and anti-caking agent in food products (e.g., chewing gum, confectionery).
Secondary Uses
- Candles
- Used to harden candles and control their burning rate.
- Metalworking
- Used in the formulation of lubricants and processing aids for metal drawing and extrusion.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Octadecanoic acid
- Common/Trade Name: Stearic Acid
- CAS Number: 57-11-4
- HS Code: 2915.70
- Synonyms: n-Octadecanoic acid, C18:0
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid, crystalline flakes or powder
- Color & Odor: White; mild, characteristic fatty odor
- Melting Point: ~69-71°C
- Boiling Point: ~361°C
- Density: ~0.94 g/cm³
- Solubility: Soluble in alcohols, ethers, chloroform; insoluble in water.
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May be classified as causing skin irritation (Category 2) and serious eye irritation (Category 2A).
- Toxicity: Considered non-toxic. Low ingestion hazard.
- Exposure Limits: Not typically established. Avoid dust formation.
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers.
- Container Type: Bags, boxes, or drums.
- Shelf Life: Excellent stability if stored properly.
- Handling Precautions: Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation. Use gloves and safety glasses.
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) as a direct food additive.
- Complies with other relevant regulations (REACH, etc.).
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable.
- Ecotoxicity: Low ecotoxicity.
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation.
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Safety glasses, gloves.
- Handling Guidelines: Good general ventilation is sufficient.
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air.
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
- Eye Contact: Flush with plenty of water for several minutes. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention if feeling unwell.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible solid. Dust can form explosive mixtures with air.
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂.
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