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Vitamin B5 (d-pantothenate)
Vitamin B5 d-pantothenate, commonly referred to as D-Pantothenate, is the biologically active, water-soluble form of pantothenic acid. It is an essential nutrient involved in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), critical for fatty acid metabolism and energy production. D-Pantothenate is used across pharmaceuticals, food, feed, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals due to its stability, bioavailability, and broad health benefits.
Vitamin B5 (d-pantothenate)
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceutical Industry
- Nutritional Supplement: Formulated in tablets, capsules, and injectables to treat or prevent pantothenic acid deficiency, fatigue, irritability, and digestive disorders.
- Wound Healing Support: Incorporated in treatments for skin disorders, burns, and post-surgical healing due to its tissue regeneration properties.
- Nutraceuticals & Dietary Supplements
- Energy Metabolism: Used in B-complex vitamins to aid in energy release from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
- Stress and Adrenal Support: Marketed in supplements targeting adrenal gland health and stress resilience.
- Food & Beverage Industry
- Fortification Agent: Added to processed foods (e.g., cereals, beverages, infant formulas) to improve nutritional value and prevent deficiencies in the general population.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Skin Care: Used in creams, lotions, and ointments for its moisturizing, soothing, and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Hair Care: Found in shampoos, conditioners, and hair tonics to improve hair texture, strength, and manageability.
- Nail Products: Occasionally used in nail care formulas to strengthen brittle nails.
- Animal Nutrition
- Feed Additive: Added to livestock and poultry feed to promote growth, reproductive health, and immune system support.
- Pet Food Fortification: Included in pet supplements to support coat health, metabolism, and vitality.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Deficiency Treatment: Used to address metabolic disorders or deficiencies in animals, especially under stress or poor dietary conditions.
- Research & Development
- Metabolic Studies: Used in laboratory research to study CoA-related metabolic pathways and enzyme regulation.
- Biotechnological Applications: Occasionally used in microbial cultures to support bacterial or yeast growth.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): (R)-N-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-β-alanine calcium salt (often as calcium D-pantothenate)
- Common/Trade Name: D-Pantothenate, Calcium D-Pantothenate, Vitamin B5
- CAS Number: 137-08-6 (for calcium D-pantothenate)
- HS Code: 2936.26.00
- Synonyms: Pantothenic acid calcium salt, Vitamin B5, Panthenol precursor
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White, hygroscopic powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless or faint characteristic odor
- Solubility: Soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol
- Melting Point: Decomposes above 190 °C
- Density: Approx. 1.2 g/cm³
- pH (1% solution): 6.8–8.0
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; well-tolerated in humans and animals at recommended dosages
- Exposure Limits: No established occupational limits
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture
- Container Type: Sealed, light-resistant packaging
- Shelf Life: 24 months under controlled storage
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation; handle in a well-ventilated environment
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with: USP, BP, Ph. Eur. standards
- Manufacturing Standards: GMP-compliant production
- Food Use Approvals: Approved for use in food and beverage fortification
- Supplement Use: Permitted in nutritional supplements globally
- Animal Feed Compliance: Meets international standards for livestock and pet feed inclusion
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental toxicity
- Bioaccumulation: Not bioaccumulative
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves and dust mask recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Use under dry conditions with local exhaust ventilation
- Storage Measures: Keep container tightly closed and protected from humidity
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if discomfort persists
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with water and soap
- Eye Contact: Flush with clean water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; consult a physician if large quantities are consumed
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but may decompose on heating
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO₂, or water spray
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides and nitrogen compounds may be released during combustion
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