Xylene

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 Xylene is a clear, colorless, flammable aromatic hydrocarbon solvent consisting of three isomers: ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene. It is widely utilized in various industries for its excellent solvency, chemical stability, and moderate evaporation rate. Xylene serves as a key raw material in chemical manufacturing and an effective solvent in coatings, adhesives, inks, and cleaning applications.

Description

Xylene

Primary Uses


Chemical Industry

  • Solvent for Paints, Varnishes, and Coatings: Dissolves resins, polymers, and additives, improving application and drying properties.

  • Feedstock in Polyester Production: Used to manufacture terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate, essential intermediates in polyester fiber and plastic production.

Laboratory & Industrial Cleaning

  • Cleaning Agent: Removes grease, oil, and residues from laboratory glassware, metal parts, and equipment surfaces.

Printing Industry

  • Ink Solvent: Provides appropriate viscosity and drying times in printing inks for various substrates.

Secondary Uses


Pharmaceutical Industry

  • Chemical Intermediate: Involved in synthesis pathways of certain pharmaceutical compounds.

Rubber Industry

  • Processing Aid: Incorporated in rubber cement formulations and used for cleaning rubber processing machinery.

Construction Industry

  • Thinner & Degreaser: Used to thin adhesives and coatings and clean tools and surfaces.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes

  • Chemical Name (IUPAC): Dimethylbenzene

  • Common/Trade Name: Xylene

  • CAS Number: 1330-20-7

  • HS Code: 2902.30.00

  • Synonyms: Dimethylbenzene, Xylol

Physical & Chemical Properties

  • Physical State: Liquid

  • Color & Odor: Clear, colorless; sweet aromatic odor

  • Boiling Point: 138–144 °C (depending on isomer)

  • Flash Point: ~27 °C (closed cup)

  • Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, and other organic solvents

  • Density: Approx. 0.87 g/cm³

Safety & Hazard Attributes

  • GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), harmful if inhaled, skin irritant

  • Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; prolonged exposure can cause central nervous system effects such as dizziness, headache, and nausea

  • Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 100 ppm (8-hour TWA), ACGIH TLV: 100 ppm

Storage & Handling Attributes

  • Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, open flames, and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers

  • Container Type: Steel drums or tightly sealed containers suitable for flammable liquids

  • Shelf Life: Stable for several years if stored properly

  • Handling Precautions: Use in well-ventilated areas, avoid inhalation and skin contact, wear protective gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection as needed

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

  • Complies with:

    • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations for workplace safety

    • REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals) in the European Union

    • TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act) inventory requirements in the U.S.

    • GHS (Globally Harmonized System) classification for chemical hazards

  • Transport Regulations: Classified as a flammable liquid under ADR, IMDG, and DOT regulations (UN No. 1307)

  • Manufactured under: Standard industrial chemical manufacturing practices; GMP applicable when used in pharmaceutical or food-grade synthesis contexts

  • Environmental Compliance: Meets environmental laws for emissions, discharge, and disposal including EPA standards

  • Safety Data Sheet (SDS): Provided in compliance with applicable regulations

Environmental & Health Impact

  • Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions

  • Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid release to waterways

  • Bioaccumulation: Potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

  • PPE Required: Protective gloves, safety goggles, and respirators recommended in confined or poorly ventilated spaces

  • Handling Guidelines: Minimize vapour inhalation; avoid static discharge and ignition sources

  • Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and away from incompatible materials

First Aid Measures

  • Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms persist

  • Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing

  • Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical advice if irritation persists

  • Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention

Firefighting Measures

  • Fire Hazards: Highly flammable liquid and vapor; vapors may form explosive mixtures with air

  • Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide extinguishers

  • Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes