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Oxytetracycline HCL BP
Oxytetracycline HCL BP is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used in human and veterinary medicine. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thus preventing the growth and multiplication of susceptible bacteria. Oxytetracycline HCL is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as some protozoa. It is commonly employed to treat respiratory, urinary, and skin infections, and is also used extensively in veterinary applications to control infectious diseases in livestock and poultry.
Oxytetracycline HCL BP
Primary Uses
- Human Medicine
- Treatment of respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, pneumonia).
- Management of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections.
- Therapy for certain sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia.
- Used in acne treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Treatment of bacterial infections in livestock (cattle, sheep, goats).
- Control of respiratory diseases in poultry and swine.
- Management of mastitis in dairy animals.
- Used to treat enteric infections and wound infections in animals.
- Agricultural Applications
- Occasionally used in aquaculture to control bacterial infections in fish.
Secondary Uses
- Protozoal Infections
- Effective against certain protozoa such as Rickettsia species and Mycoplasma.
- Periodontal Therapy
- Used adjunctively in treatment of periodontal (gum) disease.
- Topical Formulations
- Incorporated in ointments and creams for localized bacterial infections and skin conditions.
- Research Applications
- Used in microbiological studies as a selective antibiotic.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): (4S,4aS,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-(Dimethylamino)-3,5,6,10,11,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide hydrochloride
- Common/Trade Name: Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride
- CAS Number: 2058-46-0
- HS Code: 2941.40.00
- Synonyms: OTC HCL; Terramycin HCL; Oxytet HCL
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Fine crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: Yellow to orange-yellow; odorless
- Solubility: Freely soluble in water and dilute acids; slightly soluble in alcohol
- Melting Point: 205–207 °C (decomposes)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Harmful if swallowed; may cause skin and respiratory irritation
- Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity; use with caution and according to dosage instructions
- Exposure Limits: Use protective equipment to avoid inhalation and skin contact
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light
- Container Type: Supplied in airtight containers or bottles
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust inhalation and prolonged skin contact; use gloves and mask if necessary
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with BP (British Pharmacopoeia), USP, and other pharmacopeial standards
- Registered for human and veterinary pharmaceutical use
- Complies with national and international antibiotic regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Avoid release into waterways; may be toxic to aquatic organisms
- Bioaccumulation: Not significantly bioaccumulative
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: No known carcinogenic effects; standard antibiotic precautions apply
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, lab coat, and respiratory protection recommended during handling
- Handling Guidelines: Work in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhaling dust and direct skin or eye contact
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly sealed and away from incompatible substances
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if symptoms develop
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes; consult a physician if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers as appropriate
- Special Precautions: Use standard protective firefighting equipment
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May emit toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides under fire conditions
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Gentamycin Sulphate
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Ichthammol BP98
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