AGRICULTURAL GRADE

WATER TREATMENT GRADE

Ammonium Chloride

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Ammonium chloride is a white crystalline salt with a salty, slightly acidic taste. It is highly soluble in water and is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical applications. It acts as a nitrogen source in fertilizers, a flux in metalworking, and an expectorant in medicine. Its versatility and relatively low toxicity make it an important compound in multiple sectors.

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Categories: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS, Animal Feed Additives, Excipients, Fertilizers, Flavor Enhancers, FOOD AND BEVERAGE CHEMICALS, MINING CHEMICALS, pH Adjusters, pH Modifiers, PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMICALS, Photographic Chemicals, SPECIALTY AND FINE CHEMICALS, WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS Tags: Ammonium chloride, Cough suppressant ingredient, Fertilizer Additive, Metalwork flux, Veterinary medicine additive

Description

Table of Contents Toggle
- Uses
  - Primary Uses
  - Secondary Uses
Uses

Primary Uses

Agriculture – Fertilizer Component

Used extensively as a nitrogen fertilizer, particularly in rice and wheat cultivation, providing essential nitrogen and chloride ions for plant growth.
Favored in acidic soils where chloride is a beneficial micronutrient.
Often combined with other fertilizers to improve nutrient balance.

Pharmaceuticals – Expectorant and Remedy

Utilized as an expectorant in cough medicines, aiding in the loosening and expulsion of mucus from the respiratory tract.
Used in some electrolyte replenishing formulations.

Industrial Applications

Employed as a flux in metalworking, especially for soldering, galvanizing, and tinning processes, where it cleans metal surfaces by removing oxides.
Acts as a component in dry cell batteries to provide an electrolyte.
Used in the production of textile dyes and in tanning leather.

Food Industry

Sometimes used as a food additive (E510) and acidity regulator in certain regional food products.
Added in small quantities in licorice confectionery as a flavor enhancer.

Secondary Uses

Laboratory Uses

Used as a buffer or reagent in various chemical analyses and syntheses.
Employed in preparation of other ammonium salts.

Cosmetics and Personal Care

Occasionally used in hair care products as a pH adjuster and to improve texture.

Electronics

Used in the manufacture of some conductive inks and electrolytes for batteries.

Miscellaneous

Used in cough remedies in veterinary medicine.
Applied in some cleaning agents and detergents.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium chloride
Common/Trade Names: Ammonium chloride, sal ammoniac
CAS Number: 12125-02-9
HS Code: 2811.10.00
Molecular Formula: NH4Cl
Synonyms: Sal ammoniac, ammonium muriate, ammonium monochloride

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: White crystalline powder or granules
Color & Odor: White, odorless
Melting Point: 338°C (sublimes without melting)
Boiling Point: Sublimes at ~520°C
Density: ~1.53 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~37.2 g/100 mL at 20°C)
pH Level: Slightly acidic (~5.5 aqueous solution)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Stability: Stable under normal conditions, decomposes at high temperatures

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous, but can be irritant
NFPA Ratings: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 0
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL – 10 mg/m³ (respirable dust)
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, strong oxidizers

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible materials
Container Type: Plastic or metal containers with tight seals
Shelf Life: 3–5 years under proper storage
Special Handling: Avoid dust formation and inhalation; handle in well-ventilated areas

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status: Approved for use in food (E510), pharmaceuticals, and agriculture
Transportation: Not classified as hazardous
Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local regulations; non-hazardous

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Low aquatic toxicity but excessive release may affect aquatic life due to chloride content
Persistence: Does not bioaccumulate, dissolves and disperses readily
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic

Biodegradability: Inorganic salt; not biodegradable but environmentally stable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE: Wear gloves, eye protection, and dust mask to avoid inhalation and contact.
Handling: Avoid generating dust and use adequate ventilation.
Storage: Keep container tightly closed and dry to prevent clumping.
Hygiene: Wash hands after handling; avoid eating or drinking in handling areas.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water. Seek medical care if irritation occurs.
Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes. Get medical help if irritation persists.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth and drink water. Seek medical attention if large amounts swallowed.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical for surrounding fires.

Special Precautions: None specific; avoid inhaling dust or decomposition gases if exposed to high heat.

Ammonium Chloride