Ammonium Cupric Chloride Extra Pure

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SHORT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Cupric Chloride Extra Pure is a high-purity, greenish-blue crystalline compound composed of ammonium and copper(II) ions combined with chloride. It is primarily used in laboratory chemistry for etching, electroplating studies, and as a reagent in qualitative analysis and coordination chemistry. This compound is particularly valuable in experiments involving complex ion formation and redox behavior of transition metals. Its extra pure grade ensures high consistency and low levels of interfering impurities, supporting precise analytical and research work. Due to its sensitivity to light and moisture, it should be stored in tightly sealed, opaque containers in a cool, dry environment to maintain stability and reactivity.

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Category: LABORATORY CHEMICALS Tags: AnalyticalReagent, CoordinationCompound, CopperComplex, EtchingAgent, HalideComplex, HighPurityChloride, InorganicStandard, RedoxChemistry

Description

USES

Table of Contents

Primary Uses

Reagent in Coordination Chemistry
- Used to study complex ion formation, particularly copper(II) coordination with chloride ligands.
Demonstration of Ligand Field & Color Chemistry
- Exhibits intense blue-green color, useful in teaching ligand field theory and d–d electron transitions in transition metal complexes.
Source of Cu²⁺ Ions in Analytical Chemistry
- Supplies cupric ions in qualitative tests involving precipitation, complexation, or redox reactions.
Catalyst Precursor in Experimental Synthesis
- Investigated as a source of copper in catalytic systems for oxidation or coupling reactions at lab scale.
Model Compound in Crystallography and Solid-State Chemistry
- Used for studying crystal structures, lattice geometry, and isomerism of transition metal complexes.

Secondary Uses

Electrochemical Research on Cu(II) Complexes
- Employed in voltammetric and redox studies of copper coordination systems.
Preparation of Thin Films or Nanostructures (Experimental Use)
- Used in exploratory research on copper-based materials for optics or electronics.
Comparative Solubility and Precipitation Studies
- Helps demonstrate the solubility behavior of complex salts in ionic strength and pH-dependent systems.
Inorganic Teaching Labs
- Ideal for student synthesis experiments involving double salts and transition metal complexes.
Study of Thermal Decomposition Pathways
- Decomposes to copper oxides and ammonium salts, used in thermogravimetric and decomposition studies.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name: Ammonium Cupric Chloride
CAS Number: 10377-22-9 (for ammonium tetrachlorocuprate(II)), commonly used form
HS Code: 28273900 (Other copper chlorides)
Molecular Formula: (NH₄)₂CuCl₄
Synonyms:
- Ammonium tetrachlorocuprate(II)
- Diammonium tetrachlorocuprate
- Cupric ammonium chloride
- Tetrachlorocuprate(II) ammonium salt

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid (crystalline or powder)
Color & Odor: Green to blue-green crystals; odorless
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Melting Point: Decomposes on heating
Density/Specific Gravity: ~2.1–2.3 g/cm³
Solubility:
- Water: Freely soluble (forms deep blue or green solution)
- Alcohol: Slightly soluble
pH Level: ~3.5–5.5 (5% solution; acidic)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable
Viscosity: Not applicable

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS):
- Acute Toxicity – Oral & Inhalation (Category 4)
- Eye Irritation (Category 2A)
- Skin Irritation (Category 2)
- Environmental Hazard – Aquatic Acute & Chronic (Category 1)
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 2
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits:
- No specific limits for this salt
- Use general limits for copper compounds:
  - OSHA PEL: 1 mg/m³ (as Cu dust and mist)
  - ACGIH TLV: 0.2 mg/m³ (fume), 1 mg/m³ (dust/mist)
Reactivity:
- Stable under normal lab conditions
- Incompatible with strong acids and reducing agents

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:
- Store in a cool, dry place away from light and incompatible substances
Incompatible Materials:
- Strong acids, strong reducing agents, cyanides
Container Type:
- Plastic or amber glass containers, tightly sealed
Shelf Life & Expiration Date:
- 2–3 years in sealed containers under proper conditions
Special Handling Requirements:
- Use gloves and goggles
- Handle in a fume hood to avoid inhalation of any dust or vapors during solution preparation

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status:
- Listed under TSCA (components), REACH
- Regulated as a hazardous substance due to copper and chloride content
Transportation Restrictions:
- Not regulated in small lab quantities
Waste Disposal Method:
- Dispose as hazardous waste
- Avoid introducing copper salts into drains due to aquatic toxicity

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity:
- Highly toxic to aquatic organisms, even at low concentrations
Persistence in Environment:
- Copper ions persist in soil and sediments
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified as carcinogenic
Biodegradability:
- Inorganic compound; not biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Wear a lab coat, safety goggles, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile or neoprene).
- Use a fume hood or ensure good room ventilation to avoid inhalation of any dust or fumes.
Handling:
- Handle with care—toxic if ingested or inhaled, and irritant to skin and eyes.
- Avoid formation and inhalation of dust.
- Do not allow contact with incompatible materials (e.g., strong bases, oxidizers, or reducing agents).
Storage:
- Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
- Protect from moisture and direct sunlight.
- Label clearly and store away from acids and combustible materials.
Hygiene Measures:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in lab areas.
- Clean spills promptly and dispose of waste properly.

FIRST AID MEASURES

Inhalation:
- Move person to fresh air immediately.
- If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.
- May cause irritation to respiratory tract.
Skin Contact:
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water.
- Seek medical attention if irritation or a rash develops.
Eye Contact:
- Rinse eyes cautiously with clean water for at least 15 minutes.
- Keep eyelids open during rinsing.
- Seek immediate medical attention, especially if irritation persists.
Ingestion:
- Rinse mouth thoroughly with water.
- Do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
- Give water if the person is conscious.
- Seek immediate medical attention — copper salts can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and systemic toxicity.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
- Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide (CO₂), foam, or water spray, depending on the surrounding materials.
Specific Hazards:
- Not flammable, but may release toxic and corrosive fumes (including hydrogen chloride, ammonia, and copper oxides) when heated.
- Avoid breathing vapors or smoke from decomposition.
Protective Equipment for Firefighters:
- Wear full protective gear and a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Firefighting Instructions:
- Evacuate area and fight fire from a safe distance.
- Cool containers with water spray.