Sulphamethoxazole BP
Sulphamethoxazole BP is a synthetic sulfonamide antibiotic widely used in human and veterinary medicine for treating bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid, thereby preventing bacterial growth. It is commonly combined with trimethoprim for synergistic effects against a broad spectrum of bacteria. The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) grade guarantees pharmaceutical purity and quality, making it suitable for formulation into tablets, suspensions, and other dosage forms.
Sulphamethoxazole BP
Primary Uses
- Human Medicine
- Antibacterial Agent: Used to treat urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, and certain opportunistic infections (e.g., Pneumocystis pneumonia).
- Combination Therapy: Frequently combined with trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole) to enhance antibacterial efficacy.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Antimicrobial Agent: Used to treat bacterial infections in livestock and companion animals, including respiratory, urinary, and soft tissue infections.
- Medicated Feeds: Included in veterinary feed additives to prevent and control bacterial diseases.
Secondary Uses
- Research & Development
- Pharmaceutical Studies: Used in drug formulation research and studies on antibiotic resistance.
- Microbiological Research: Utilized in bacterial culture sensitivity testing.
- Public Health
- Prophylactic Use: Occasionally used for prophylaxis against certain infections in immunocompromised patients.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 4-Amino-N-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)benzenesulfonamide
- Common/Trade Name: Sulphamethoxazole BP
- CAS Number: 723-46-6
- HS Code: 2941.20.00
- Synonyms: Sulfamethoxazole, SMX
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless or faint sulfur-like odor
- Melting Point: 169–172 °C
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alkaline solutions and organic solvents such as ethanol
- Density: Approx. 1.4 g/cm³
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May cause allergic skin reactions and hypersensitivity
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; avoid prolonged exposure
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational limits; use proper industrial hygiene
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area protected from light and moisture
- Container Type: Sealed HDPE or glass containers
- Shelf Life: 24 months under proper storage conditions
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust; use gloves and masks to prevent inhalation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards
- Manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)
- Meets pharmaceutical regulatory requirements for human and veterinary use
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Limited biodegradability; degrades slowly under aerobic conditions
- Ecotoxicity: Potentially harmful to aquatic organisms; avoid release into the environment
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, protective clothing, and dust masks recommended
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation and skin contact
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and dry
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms occur
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; discontinue use if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Flush with water for 15 minutes; seek medical care if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice promptly
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible solid
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides
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