Barium Nitrate

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Barium Nitrate is an inorganic chemical compound, a white crystalline solid composed of barium and nitrate ions. It is highly soluble in water and serves as an oxidizing agent. Due to its energetic properties, barium nitrate is widely used in pyrotechnics to produce vibrant green colors and as an oxidizer in explosives and fireworks. It is also utilized in the manufacturing of barium oxide and other barium compounds. Barium nitrate must be handled carefully due to its toxicity and oxidizing nature.

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Categories: Catalysts, Explosives and Blasting Agents, Pyrotechnic Chemicals Tags: Chemical Reagent, Explosives manufacturing, Fireworks component, Inorganic chemical, Oxidizer, Pyrotechnics ingredient

Description

Primary Uses
Pyrotechnics & Fireworks

Used as an oxidizer in fireworks and flares.
Provides bright green coloration in pyrotechnic compositions.
Key component in signal flares and military applications.

Explosives & Propellants

Acts as a strong oxidizer in explosive formulations.
Used in detonators and blasting caps.

Chemical Manufacturing

Used to produce other barium compounds, such as barium oxide and barium carbonate.
Employed in the preparation of ceramics and glass to impart specific properties.

Other Industrial Applications

Used in vacuum tubes and electronics manufacturing as a getter material.
Occasionally used in oil well drilling fluids to increase density.

Table of Contents

Secondary Uses

Used in analytical chemistry for qualitative and quantitative analysis of sulfates.
Employed in laboratories as a reagent for chemical synthesis.
Utilized in specialty coatings and paints to provide corrosion resistance.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Barium nitrate
Common/Trade Names: Barium nitrate
CAS Number: 10022-31-8
HS Code: 2834.20.00
Molecular Formula: Ba(NO₃)₂
Synonyms: Barium dinitrate, Barium nitrate salt

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: White crystalline powder
Color & Odor: White, odorless
Melting Point: 592 °C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: 3.24 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (about 90 g/100 mL at 20°C)
pH Level: Slightly acidic in aqueous solution
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Not flammable (oxidizer)

Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Oxidizing solid (Category 3), Acute toxicity (Category 3, oral), Specific target organ toxicity — single exposure (Category 1, respiratory system)
NFPA Ratings: Health 3, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1
Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA PEL; avoid inhalation and ingestion due to toxicity
Reactivity: Strong oxidizer, reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials
Toxicity: Toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin; harmful to aquatic life

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from combustible materials and organic substances
Container Type: Use corrosion-resistant containers, tightly sealed
Shelf Life: Stable when stored properly
Special Handling: Use explosion-proof equipment; avoid friction, shock, and contamination with incompatible materials

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status: Regulated as hazardous material due to oxidizing and toxic properties
Transportation: Classified as an oxidizer (UN 1444), handled under dangerous goods regulations
Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local hazardous waste regulations; avoid release into the environment

Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Persistence: Does not readily biodegrade
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Biodegradability: Inorganic compound, non-biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Use a NIOSH-approved respirator if dust or fumes may be inhaled.
Handling: Avoid generating dust. Handle in a well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Storage: Store separately from combustible and organic materials. Ensure containers are tightly closed and in a secure area.
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during use.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.
Skin Contact: Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation continues.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Not combustible but is a strong oxidizer and can intensify fires. May release toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides when heated.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray or fog to extinguish surrounding fire. Do NOT use dry chemical extinguishers or foam alone on a large scale fire involving oxidizers.
Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Cool containers with water spray to prevent rupture.