Candelilla Wax
Candelilla Wax is a natural vegetable wax derived from the leaves of the Euphorbia cerifera shrub, native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. It appears as a hard, brittle, light yellow to brown wax with a mild, characteristic odor. This wax is valued for its high melting point, gloss-enhancing properties, and excellent binding capabilities. It is widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and industrial applications as a vegan alternative to beeswax. Its film-forming, emollient, and stabilizing attributes make it a multifunctional ingredient across several industries.
Candelilla Wax
Primary Uses
- Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Used in lipsticks, lip balms, lotions, and creams for structure, consistency, and shine.
- Provides a glossy finish and improves the hardness and melting behavior of balms and sticks.
- Acts as a skin-conditioning agent and water-repellent film former.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used as a coating and binding agent in tablets and capsules.
- Serves as a base in ointments, salves, and topical formulations due to its emollient and stabilizing properties.
- Food Industry
- Approved as a food additive (E902) used as a glazing agent in confections, chewing gum, and baked goods.
- Provides shine and protection to fruits and candy coatings.
- Industrial Applications
- Used in polishes, varnishes, and coatings to enhance hardness and shine.
- Serves as a lubricant and water-repellent in applications like leather treatment and wood preservation.
- Applied in the formulation of biodegradable waxes and eco-friendly packaging.
Secondary Uses
- Candle Making
- Used as a component in specialty candles to adjust melting point and hardness, and enhance fragrance throw.
- Textile & Leather Finishing
- Employed in textile and leather treatments for waterproofing and polishing effects.
- Art Supplies
- Used in encaustic painting and sculpture wax blends for its high melting point and smooth finish.
- Automotive
- Utilized in car wax formulations to improve surface gloss and durability.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Not applicable (natural mixture of esters, hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids)
- Common/Trade Name: Candelilla Wax
- CAS Number: 8006-44-8
- HS Code: 1521.90.90
- Molecular Formula: Not applicable (complex natural mixture)
- Synonyms:
- Euphorbia Wax
- Candelilla plant wax
- Candelilla cera
- Vegetable wax from Euphorbia cerifera
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid wax (flakes, pellets, or blocks)
- Color & Odor: Light yellow to brown; mild, characteristic odor
- Melting Point: 68–73°C (154–163°F)
- Boiling Point: Not applicable
- Density: ~0.983 g/cm³ at 25°C
- Solubility:
- Insoluble in water
- Soluble in chloroform, acetone, benzene, and certain oils
- Acid Value: 12–22 mg KOH/g
- Saponification Value: 43–65 mg KOH/g
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; resistant to oxidation
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 0
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 0
- Exposure Limits: Not established; generally considered safe
- Toxicity: Non-toxic; GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status for food use
- Reactivity: Non-reactive; may burn if exposed to open flame
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and ignition sources
- Container Type: Food-grade or industrial-grade lined containers or HDPE bags
- Shelf Life: Up to 5 years if stored properly
- Special Handling: Use PPE when handling molten wax; avoid inhalation of fumes if heated
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: GRAS for food use (21 CFR §172.886)
- Food Additive Code (EU): E902 (glazing agent)
- REACH Status: Registered
- Transportation: Not regulated as hazardous material
- Waste Disposal: Dispose in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; biodegradable
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact; non-toxic to aquatic or terrestrial life
- Persistence: Biodegradable
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Heat-resistant gloves (when handling molten wax)
- Protective eyewear
- Lab coat or apron
- Respirator (only when melting large volumes or in poorly ventilated areas)
Handling Measures:
- Avoid contact with hot wax to prevent burns
- Use proper ventilation if heating
- Do not mix with oxidizing agents
Storage Measures:
- Keep container tightly sealed
- Avoid exposure to heat, sparks, or open flames
- Use first-in, first-out (FIFO) inventory method
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the product
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Not hazardous at room temperature; if fumes are inhaled during heating, move to fresh air
- Skin Contact: Cool area with water if hot wax contacts skin; seek medical attention for burns
- Eye Contact: Flush with plenty of water; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Not toxic; if large amounts are ingested, seek medical advice
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible at high temperatures
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO₂, or foam
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Decomposition Products: May release CO, CO₂, and hydrocarbon vapors when burned
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