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Chloropheniramine Maleate
Chloropheniramine Maleate is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used primarily to relieve allergy symptoms by blocking H1 histamine receptors. It appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and alcohol. Known for rapid onset and moderate duration of action, it’s widely formulated in pharmaceuticals. It also exhibits mild anticholinergic and sedative effects.
Chloropheniramine Maleate
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals
- Active ingredient in oral tablets, capsules, and syrups for treatment of:
- Allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- Urticaria (hives)
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Anaphylaxis adjunct therapy
- Common cold symptom relief (sneezing, runny nose)
- Used in combination cold, flu, and allergy medications with decongestants, analgesics, and cough suppressants.
- Injectable forms used for rapid allergy symptom relief in emergency or clinical settings.
- Veterinary Medicine
- Treatment of pruritus and allergic reactions in animals including dogs and cats.
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Research
- Widely used in lab research to study histamine H1 receptor antagonism and allergy mechanisms.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics & Topical Preparations
- Incorporated in anti-itch creams, lotions, or gels for localized relief of itching and allergic skin reactions (limited use due to systemic absorption concerns).
- Over-the-Counter (OTC) Products
- Included in OTC antihistamine formulations targeting mild allergy symptoms and seasonal hay fever relief.
- Formulation Studies
- Used by pharmaceutical companies in drug formulation development for evaluating bioavailability, stability, and efficacy of antihistamines.
- Analytical Reference Standard
- Employed in quality control laboratories as a reference standard to verify purity and potency of antihistamine drugs.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-amine maleate
- Common/Trade Name: Chlorpheniramine Maleate
- CAS Number: 132-22-9
- HS Code: 2933.69.90
- Molecular Formula: C16H19ClN2 · C4H4O4
- Synonyms: CPM, Chlorphenamine Maleate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White or off-white crystalline powder
- Melting Point: 125–130°C
- Solubility: Freely soluble in water and ethanol; slightly soluble in chloroform and ether
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and moisture
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Harmful if swallowed; may cause drowsiness or dizziness
- NFPA Ratings: Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0
- Exposure Limits: No specific limits; dust exposure to be minimized
- Toxicity: Moderate toxicity; overdose can cause anticholinergic effects and CNS depression
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Store in cool, dry, dark place; use airtight containers
- Shelf life: 3–5 years
- Use PPE to avoid inhalation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Included in USP, BP, EP
- FDA approved as antihistamine active pharmaceutical ingredient
- Registered under REACH and other international regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Low ecotoxicity; biodegradable; low bioaccumulation potential
- Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- Wear gloves, dust masks, goggles
- Avoid inhalation, skin and eye contact
- Use in well-ventilated areas
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Fresh air, medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin: Wash with soap and water, seek care if irritated
- Eyes: Flush with water, seek medical help if needed
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, seek urgent medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Combustible; use dry chemical, foam, CO₂
- Wear full protective gear
- Avoid inhalation of combustion products (HCl, nitrogen oxides)
Related products
Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Chlorpheniramine Maleate is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used primarily to relieve allergy symptoms by blocking H1 histamine receptors. It appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder, freely soluble in water and alcohol. Known for rapid onset and moderate duration of action, it’s widely formulated in pharmaceuticals. It also exhibits mild anticholinergic and sedative effects.
Diclofenac Sodium BP
Diclofenac Sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) widely used for its potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium salt form of diclofenac, providing enhanced solubility and rapid absorption. Diclofenac Sodium BP (British Pharmacopoeia standard) ensures pharmaceutical-grade purity and compliance with stringent quality standards. It is commonly formulated in oral tablets, topical gels, injections, and ophthalmic preparations.
Diloxanide Furoate
Diloxanide Furoate is an orally administered antiprotozoal agent used primarily for the treatment of amoebiasis. It is a furan-based derivative that acts as a luminal amoebicide, effectively targeting Entamoeba histolytica cysts and trophozoites within the intestinal lumen. This compound is well-regarded for its efficacy in eradicating asymptomatic cyst carriers and as a follow-up treatment after systemic amoebicidal therapy. Diloxanide Furoate has good oral bioavailability and a favorable safety profile.
Diphenhydramine HCL BP
Diphenhydramine HCL BP is a first-generation antihistamine with potent anticholinergic, sedative, and antiemetic properties. It is commonly used to relieve symptoms associated with allergies, hay fever, the common cold, and motion sickness. Diphenhydramine HCL is a white crystalline powder, highly soluble in water, making it suitable for oral, topical, and injectable pharmaceutical formulations. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, it causes sedation and is often used as a sleep aid and for managing Parkinson’s disease symptoms.
Doxycycline Hyclate BP
Doxycycline Hyclate BP is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic tetracycline-class antibiotic available as the hemihydrate salt form of doxycycline. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations due to its high bioavailability, broad antibacterial activity, and favorable pharmacokinetic profile. The compound exhibits bacteriostatic action by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, making it effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as atypical pathogens. It is typically supplied as a fine, white to off-white crystalline powder soluble in water and suitable for oral and parenteral dosage forms.
Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride
Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used primarily in veterinary medicine. It is the hydrochloride salt of enrofloxacin, offering enhanced solubility and bioavailability. Enrofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, disrupting DNA replication in Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms as well as some Mycoplasma species. It is available as a white to off-white crystalline powder, used in injectable, oral, and topical formulations designed for livestock, companion animals, and aquatic species.
Ivermectin BP Vet
Ivermectin BP Vet is a potent, broad-spectrum antiparasitic agent widely used in veterinary medicine. It belongs to the avermectin family and works by disrupting nerve and muscle function in parasites, leading to paralysis and death. Ivermectin is highly effective against a range of internal and external parasites, including gastrointestinal worms, lungworms, mites, lice, and certain ticks. Available in oral, injectable, and topical forms, it is trusted for use in livestock, poultry, and companion animals. Its reliable efficacy, wide safety margin, and ease of administration make it an essential treatment in animal health and parasite control programs.
Methyl Salicylate BP
Methyl Salicylate BP is a clear, colorless to pale yellow oily liquid with a characteristic strong, sweet, and minty odor. It is an organic ester commonly used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and flavoring properties. Methyl Salicylate is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations, topical pain relief products, cosmetics, and as a fragrance ingredient.
