Cyproheptadine HCL

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Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride (HCL) is a synthetic first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic and serotonin antagonist properties. It appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder, soluble in water, with a bitter taste. Cyproheptadine HCL is widely used in medical and veterinary fields for its potent antihistaminic effects, appetite stimulation, and treatment of allergic conditions. It blocks H1 histamine receptors, helping to reduce symptoms of allergic reactions, and is also used for various off-label applications including migraine prophylaxis and serotonin syndrome management.

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Category: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) Tags: Allergy treatment, Antihistamine, Cyproheptadine HCL, Pharmaceutical Raw Material, White to off-white powder

Description

Table of Contents

Cyproheptadine HCL Uses

Primary Uses

Medical and Pharmaceutical

Used as an antihistamine to treat allergic reactions such as hay fever, urticaria (hives), allergic rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.
Employed as an appetite stimulant in cases of anorexia or cachexia.
Used in the management of serotonin syndrome due to its serotonin antagonist activity.
Administered to relieve itching and symptoms of eczema and dermatitis.
Used off-label for migraine prophylaxis and prevention.

Veterinary Medicine

Used to control allergic responses and pruritus in animals.
Administered as an appetite stimulant in veterinary treatments.

Secondary Uses

Research and Experimental Use

Utilized in research to study histaminergic and serotonergic pathways.
Investigated for potential use in neurological disorders linked to serotonin imbalance.

Compounding Pharmacy

Formulated into custom oral, injectable, or topical dosage forms for specific patient needs.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): 4-(5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine hydrochloride
Common/Trade Name: Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride (Cyproheptadine HCL)
CAS Number: 129-03-3
HS Code: 2933.99.90
Molecular Formula: C21H22ClN
Synonyms:
- Cyproheptadine HCl
- Periactin (brand name)

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
Color & Odor: White/off-white; odorless
Melting Point: 124–126°C
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Density: Not typically specified for powder
Solubility:
- Freely soluble in water
- Soluble in ethanol and methanol
Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and moisture

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous under normal handling conditions
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits; avoid inhalation of dust
Toxicity: Can cause sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, and anticholinergic side effects if overdosed
Reactivity: Stable; avoid strong oxidizing agents

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from light and moisture
Container Type: Airtight, light-resistant containers
Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years when stored properly
Special Handling: Use PPE to avoid dust inhalation and skin contact

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

FDA Status: Approved for medical use as an antihistamine and appetite stimulant
REACH Status: Registered under chemical safety regulations
Transportation: Not classified as hazardous material
Waste Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with pharmaceutical waste regulations

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Low environmental risk; avoid release into waterways
Persistence: Biodegradable under normal environmental conditions
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: No evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic effects
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Protective gloves
Safety goggles
Dust mask if handling powder in bulk

Handling Measures:

Avoid inhalation of dust
Use in well-ventilated areas
Avoid contact with skin and eyes

Storage Measures:

Keep containers tightly closed
Protect from light and moisture

Hygiene Practices:

Wash hands thoroughly after handling
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulty occurs.
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops.
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical assistance.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Combustible solid; emits toxic fumes when burned.
Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide.
Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Decomposition Products: May produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen oxides.