Ferric Chloride Anhydrous

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Ferric Chloride Anhydrous (FeCl₃) is a dark brown to black crystalline solid with a metallic luster. It is a highly corrosive, hygroscopic inorganic salt widely used as a chemical reagent, catalyst, and coagulant. In its anhydrous form, ferric chloride is free of water and has a high purity of approximately 98%. It readily dissolves in water, releasing heat and producing acidic solutions. Ferric chloride is valued for its strong Lewis acid properties, making it effective in a variety of industrial, laboratory, and environmental applications. It is commonly supplied as a solid crystalline powder or lumps and should be handled with care due to its corrosive nature.

Description

Ferric Chloride Anhydrous

Primary Uses 

  1. Water and Wastewater Treatment
    • Used extensively as a coagulant and flocculant to remove suspended solids, organic matter, and phosphates from water and sewage.
    • Helps in controlling odors and improving water clarity.
    • Effective in industrial effluent treatment plants for heavy metal and contaminant removal.
  2. Chemical Synthesis and Industrial Processes
    • Acts as a catalyst or reagent in organic and inorganic synthesis, including Friedel-Crafts reactions, chlorination, and oxidation processes.
    • Used in etching and surface treatment of metals, especially in printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing for copper etching.
    • Employed in the production of pigments, dyes, and other iron-containing chemicals.
  3. Electronics and Metal Processing
    • Applied in metal cleaning and pickling to remove rust and oxide layers.
    • Used in electroplating baths and as a mordant in textile dyeing.
  4. Laboratory and Analytical Applications
    • Serves as a reagent for qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis, particularly for detecting phenols and other organic compounds.
    • Used in the preparation of iron salts and complexes.

Secondary Uses 

  1. Catalyst in Polymerization
    • Utilized as a catalyst in polymer production and modification processes.
  2. Pharmaceutical Industry
    • Employed in trace amounts in certain pharmaceutical formulations and synthesis processes.
  3. Environmental Applications
    • Used in sludge dewatering and stabilization processes.
  • Helps in odor control and reduction of biological oxygen demand (BOD) in waste streams.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
  1. Basic Identification Attributes
    • Chemical Name (IUPAC): Iron(III) chloride
    • Common/Trade Name: Ferric Chloride 98% Anhydrous
    • CAS Number: 7705-08-0
    • HS Code: 2827.39.00
    • Molecular Formula: FeCl₃
    • Synonyms: Iron trichloride, ferric trichloride, iron(III) chloride
  2. Physical & Chemical Properties
    • Physical State: Crystalline solid (granules, lumps, or powder)
    • Color & Odor: Dark brown to black; no distinct odor but corrosive fumes released on contact with moisture
    • Melting Point: Approximately 306°C (decomposes)
    • Boiling Point: Sublimes at about 315°C
    • Density: Approx. 2.9 g/cm³
    • Solubility: Highly soluble in water with exothermic dissolution; reacts vigorously with water
    • pH (aqueous solution): Strongly acidic (pH ~1–2)
    • Stability: Stable when stored dry and away from moisture; hydrolyzes readily on contact with water producing hydrochloric acid vapors
  3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
    • Hazard Class (GHS): Corrosive (Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1), Acute toxicity, Hazardous to aquatic environment
    • Toxicity: Corrosive to skin, eyes, respiratory tract; harmful if swallowed or inhaled
    • Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL = 1 mg/m³ (iron oxide fume as a guideline); local limits may vary
  4. Storage & Handling Attributes
    • Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and incompatible materials
    • Container Type: Corrosion-resistant containers, typically plastic-lined drums or polyethylene bags
    • Shelf Life: 1–2 years if stored properly in moisture-free conditions
    • Handling Precautions: Use protective equipment; avoid dust formation and moisture contact; handle in well-ventilated areas or under fume extraction
  5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
    • REACH Registration: Registered under EU chemical regulations
    • Transportation: Classified as hazardous material; subject to regulations for corrosive substances
    • Waste Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local environmental regulations; neutralize before disposal if possible
  6. Environmental & Health Impact
    • Biodegradability: Inorganic salt, does not biodegrade but reacts with environmental components
    • Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic life; avoid release to waterways
    • Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate

Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

  1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
    • Chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., neoprene or nitrile)
    • Safety goggles or face shield
    • Protective lab coat or chemical-resistant clothing
    • Respiratory protection (dust mask or respirator) in dusty or fume-prone environments
  2. Handling Guidelines:
    • Avoid inhalation of dust and fumes
    • Use under a fume hood or in well-ventilated areas
    • Prevent contact with skin and eyes
    • Avoid moisture exposure to prevent hazardous hydrolysis
  3. Storage Measures:
    • Keep container tightly closed and dry
    • Store away from bases, water, and strong oxidizers
    • Protect from humidity and moisture
  4. Hygiene Practices:
    • Wash hands thoroughly after handling
    • Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in handling areas
    • Clean equipment and surfaces regularly

 

First Aid Measures

  1. Inhalation:
    • Move affected person to fresh air immediately
    • Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation or distress occurs
  2. Skin Contact:
    • Remove contaminated clothing immediately
    • Wash affected skin thoroughly with soap and water
    • Seek medical attention for burns or persistent irritation
  3. Eye Contact:
    • Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes
    • Seek urgent medical attention
  4. Ingestion:
    • Do not induce vomiting
    • Rinse mouth with water
    • Seek immediate medical assistance

 

Firefighting Measures

  1. Fire Hazards:
    • Non-flammable but decomposes at high temperatures releasing corrosive and toxic fumes including hydrochloric acid and chlorine gases
  2. Extinguishing Media:
    • Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide (CO₂) extinguishers
    • Avoid using water directly on dry material as it may release heat and corrosive vapors
  3. Special Precautions:
    • Firefighters should wear full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus
    • Prevent contaminated runoff from entering water bodies
  4. Decomposition Products:

Hydrogen chloride gas, chlorine gas, iron oxides, and other toxic fumes