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Nitro Cellulose
Nitro Cellulose is a highly flammable compound produced by nitrating cellulose through exposure to nitric acid and sulfuric acid. It is a versatile material widely used in coatings, lacquers, explosives, and propellants due to its film-forming properties and rapid drying capability. Nitro Cellulose is available in various grades depending on the nitrogen content and viscosity, making it suitable for industrial, commercial, and military applications.
Nitro Cellulose
Primary Uses
- Coatings and Lacquers
- Used extensively in wood finishes, automotive coatings, and nail polishes for its quick drying and glossy finish properties.
- Serves as a binder in paints and varnishes.
- Explosives and Propellants
- Key ingredient in smokeless gunpowder and other propellants due to its high energy release and clean combustion.
- Used in military ammunition and pyrotechnics.
- Printing Inks
- Used as a binder in flexographic and gravure printing inks.
- Provides excellent adhesion and gloss to printed materials.
- Adhesives and Films
- Utilized in adhesive formulations for packaging and lamination.
- Forms thin, flexible films in photographic and industrial applications.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics
- Used in nail polish and hair sprays as a film-forming agent.
- Leather Finishing
- Provides protective coatings on leather goods.
- Textile Finishing
- Applied as a sizing agent or finish to improve fabric strength and sheen.
- Specialty Applications
- Used in the manufacture of cellulose-based plastics and lacquers for musical instruments and toys.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Cellulose nitrate
- Common/Trade Name: Nitro Cellulose, Gun Cotton
- CAS Number: 9004-70-0
- HS Code: 3912.10.00
- Synonyms: Pyroxylin, guncotton
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to pale yellow fibrous or granular solid
- Odor: Mild acidic odor
- Nitrogen Content: Typically 11-13% (varies by grade)
- Solubility: Soluble in acetone, ether, ethanol; insoluble in water
- Density: Approx. 1.6 g/cm³
- Flammability: Highly flammable and explosive under certain conditions
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Flammable solids (Category 1), Explosive (varies by grade)
- Toxicity: Moderate; dust inhalation can cause irritation
- Exposure Limits: Use in controlled environments to limit dust and vapors
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flames
- Container Type: Supplied in sealed, non-metallic containers or drums
- Shelf Life: Typically 1–2 years under proper storage
- Handling Precautions: Avoid friction, impact, static discharge; use explosion-proof equipment
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with military and industrial standards for explosives and coatings
- Subject to strict transport regulations due to explosive potential
- Registered under relevant chemical safety and explosives control laws
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Partially biodegradable under environmental conditions
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental risk when handled properly
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Flame-resistant clothing, gloves, eye protection, and respiratory protection if dusty
- Handling Guidelines: Use grounding and bonding to prevent static; avoid open flames
- Storage Measures: Segregate from incompatible materials such as acids and reducing agents
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical help if irritation occurs
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for 15 minutes; consult a physician if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek medical advice promptly
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Highly flammable and explosive under heat or friction
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray or fog; do not use dry chemical extinguishers on large fires
- Special Precautions: Evacuate area; wear full protective and respiratory equipment
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and other toxic gases
Related products
Beeswax
Beeswax is a natural wax produced by honeybees of the genus Apis. It is secreted by worker bees from specialized glands and used to build honeycomb cells. Beeswax is a complex mixture of esters, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons, characterized by a pale yellow to brown color, a pleasant honey-like aroma, and a firm yet pliable texture. It has excellent emulsifying, binding, and protective properties, making it widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and industrial applications. Beeswax is prized for its natural origin, biodegradability, and skin-friendly characteristics.
Bentonite Powder
Bentonite powder is a naturally occurring absorbent clay primarily composed of montmorillonite, a type of smectite clay mineral. It exhibits excellent swelling and water absorption properties, making it highly versatile in industrial and commercial applications. Bentonite forms a gel-like substance when mixed with water, which imparts viscosity and plasticity. It is used extensively for its binding, sealing, and adsorptive characteristics. Its fine powder form allows for easy incorporation in various processes including drilling, foundry, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture.
Clear Emulsion
Clear Emulsion is a transparent or translucent mixture of two immiscible liquids—typically oil and water—stabilized by emulsifying agents to form a stable, homogenous system. This product is widely used in cosmetics and personal care, pharmaceuticals, and specialty industrial applications due to its lightweight texture, ease of absorption, and aesthetic appeal. Clear emulsions offer a visually appealing, non-greasy feel with the advantages of both oil and water phases, delivering moisturizing, protective, and active ingredient-carrying benefits. Their clarity distinguishes them from traditional creamy emulsions, making them popular in modern skincare and cosmetic formulations.
Hydrocarbon Resins
Hydrocarbon Resins C5 And C9 Petroleum Resins are synthetic petroleum-derived resins produced through the polymerization of C5 (pentene) and C9 (nonene) fraction monomers. These resins appear as pale yellow to amber solid materials, usually in pellet or flake form, characterized by tackifying and adhesive properties. C5 resins are derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons, while C9 resins originate from aromatic hydrocarbons. Often blended, these resins provide a balance of hardness, tackiness, and compatibility with various polymers. Widely used as tackifiers, binders, and modifiers, C5 & C9 hydrocarbon resins enhance performance in adhesives, coatings, rubber compounding, and more.
Latex
Latex is a natural or synthetic colloidal dispersion of polymer microparticles in an aqueous medium. Natural latex is harvested from rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) and appears as a milky fluid rich in rubber particles suspended in water. Synthetic latexes are produced from various monomers such as styrene-butadiene or acrylics. Latex exhibits excellent elasticity, flexibility, and adhesive properties. It is widely used in manufacturing gloves, balloons, coatings, adhesives, paints, and various molded products. Its film-forming ability, water resistance, and durability make it a versatile material across industries.
Medium Binder
Medium Binder is a versatile adhesive and binding agent formulated to enhance cohesion, strength, and durability in various industrial and construction applications. It improves the bonding properties between different materials, providing a reliable and consistent bond that resists environmental degradation. Medium Binder is suitable for use in composites, coatings, and concrete formulations, optimizing performance and structural integrity.
Penetrator Binder
Penetrator Binder is a high-performance binding agent designed to improve the adhesion and penetration of coatings, adhesives, and sealants into porous substrates. It enhances substrate wettability and strengthens the bond between the applied material and the surface, resulting in improved durability and performance. Penetrator Binder is commonly used in construction, wood treatment, and industrial coatings to ensure better material integration and resistance to environmental factors.
