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Iodised Salt

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Iodised Salt is table salt (sodium chloride) fortified with a small, controlled amount of iodine, typically in the form of potassium iodate or potassium iodide. It appears as fine white crystalline granules, odorless, and with a characteristic salty taste. The addition of iodine helps prevent iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) such as goiter, mental impairment, and developmental abnormalities. Iodised Salt is widely used in households, food processing, and animal nutrition to ensure adequate dietary iodine intake.

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Categories: Animal Feed Additives, Nutraceutical Ingredients (pharmaceutical), Nutrient Supplements, Preservatives(food) Tags: Animal feed supplement, Edible Salt, Food Processing Industry, Household Cooking & Seasoning, Iodised Salt, Table Salt with Iodine

Description

Table of Contents

Iodised Salt

Primary Uses

Human Nutrition

Essential dietary source of iodine to prevent iodine deficiency disorders including goiter, hypothyroidism, cretinism, and cognitive impairments.
Used universally as table salt for seasoning and food preservation in households and commercial kitchens.
Incorporated in processed foods to maintain iodine intake across populations.

Food Industry

Added to packaged and processed foods (baked goods, snacks, ready meals) as a fortified salt ingredient.
Used in food preservation and curing processes to extend shelf life and improve flavor while providing iodine supplementation.

Animal Nutrition

Supplemented in livestock and poultry feed formulations to prevent iodine deficiency and related health problems.
Used in mineral licks and salt blocks for grazing animals.

Public Health Programs

Central to national iodine deficiency elimination programs worldwide via universal salt iodization (USI).
Distributed in iodised salt form during humanitarian aid and nutrition supplementation campaigns.

Secondary Uses

Industrial Uses

Used in some industrial salt applications where iodisation is required for regulatory compliance or specific product formulations.
Occasionally applied in water softening systems and brine solutions, although less common due to added iodine.

Pharmaceutical Industry

Used as a raw material in pharmaceutical formulations requiring sodium chloride with iodine content.
Employed in preparation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) and electrolyte supplements with iodine.

Cosmetics and Personal Care

Occasionally incorporated into skin cleansing and bath salts for mild antiseptic benefits from iodine content.

KEY ATTRIBUTES

Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium chloride with potassium iodate or potassium iodide
Common/Trade Name: Iodised Salt; Iodized Table Salt
CAS Number: 7647-14-5 (NaCl) with added iodate/iodide
HS Code: 2501.00.00
Synonyms: Fortified salt; iodated salt

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Granular crystalline powder
Color & Odor: White; odorless
Particle Size: Typically 150–300 microns
Solubility: Highly soluble in water
Iodine Content: Typically 15–50 ppm (mg/kg) iodine as potassium iodate or iodide
Taste: Characteristic salty taste
Stability: Stable under dry conditions; iodine may degrade if exposed to moisture and heat

Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification:

Generally recognized as safe for consumption; not hazardous under normal use

Toxicity:

Safe at recommended levels; excessive iodine intake can cause thyroid dysfunction

Exposure Limits:

No specific occupational limits for iodised salt; handle as general food-grade material

Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions:

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in airtight containers to prevent iodine loss and moisture absorption

Container Type:

Food-grade plastic or paper bags, sealed containers

Shelf Life:

Typically 2–3 years when stored properly

Handling Precautions:

Avoid contamination with moisture and foreign materials

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with WHO and national regulations on iodine fortification of salt
Approved as food additive and nutrient supplement by FDA, EFSA, Codex Alimentarius
Labeling must indicate iodine content and additives

Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Fully biodegradable; sodium chloride and iodine compounds degrade naturally
Ecotoxicity: Minimal environmental impact at normal disposal levels
Bioaccumulation: Not applicable
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required:

Generally none required for food handling; gloves recommended in bulk industrial handling

Handling Guidelines:

Avoid moisture exposure and contamination
Maintain good hygiene practices

Storage Measures:

Keep containers sealed and dry

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Not applicable; avoid inhaling dust
Skin Contact: Wash with water if irritation occurs (rare)
Eye Contact: Rinse with water if dust gets into eyes
Ingestion: Safe for consumption in recommended amounts; seek medical advice if excessive intake suspected