Promethazine

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Promethazine is a first-generation antihistamine with potent sedative, antiemetic, and anticholinergic properties. It is commonly used to treat allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, motion sickness, and as a sedative or sleep aid. Its broad pharmacological effects make it valuable in both acute and chronic medical settings for symptom relief and prevention

Description

Primary Uses
Allergy Treatment
Used to relieve symptoms of allergic conditions such as hay fever, urticaria, and rhinitis.

Provides relief from itching, swelling, and rashes.

Antiemetic Therapy
Prevents and treats nausea and vomiting caused by motion sickness, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Sedation and Sleep Aid
Utilized for its sedative effects to manage anxiety, insomnia, and preoperative sedation.

Motion Sickness
Administered to prevent and alleviate motion sickness symptoms.

 

Secondary Uses
Anaphylaxis Adjunct
Used as part of emergency treatment to control allergic symptoms alongside epinephrine.

Postoperative Nausea
Employed to control nausea and vomiting following surgery.

Adjunct in Pain Management
Sometimes combined with analgesics to enhance pain relief and reduce nausea.

PRODUCT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes
Chemical Name (IUPAC): N,N-dimethyl-1-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propan-2-amine

Common/Trade Name: Promethazine

CAS Number: 58-33-3

HS Code: 2933.99

Synonyms: Phenergan, Promethazine hydrochloride

Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder

Color & Odor: Odorless to faint odor

Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol and chloroform

Melting Point: Approximately 214–217°C

Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification: May cause sedation and dizziness; irritant to eyes and skin

Toxicity: Moderate; use under medical supervision

Exposure Limits: Follow occupational safety guidelines

Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light

Container Type: Sealed glass or plastic containers

Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years

Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation and skin contact

 

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
Approved by major pharmacopeias (USP, BP)

Regulated as a prescription medication

 

Environmental & Health Impact
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under environmental conditions

Ecotoxicity: Low when disposed properly

Bioaccumulation: Not significant

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions
PPE Required: Gloves recommended when handling powder or solutions

Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid direct contact

Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and protected from moisture

 

First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms develop

Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists

Eye Contact: Rinse with water for 15 minutes; seek medical help if irritation continues

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek emergency medical care immediately

 

Firefighting Measures
Fire Hazards: Combustible under fire conditions

Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, COâ‚‚

Special Precautions: Use protective equipment and breathing apparatus

Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides