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Rafoxanide BP Vet
Rafoxanide BP Vet is a halogenated salicylanilide used as a veterinary anthelmintic, specifically effective against liver flukes, gastrointestinal nematodes, and certain ectoparasites in livestock. It works by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in parasites, disrupting their energy metabolism and leading to their death. Compliant with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) for veterinary use, Rafoxanide is widely administered to ruminants like cattle, sheep, and goats. It is commonly formulated in oral drenches, boluses, or feed premixes.
Rafoxanide BP Vet
Primary Uses
- Veterinary Medicine
- Anthelmintic for Ruminants:
Used to treat and control fascioliasis (liver fluke infections) caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica in cattle, sheep, and goats. - Nematode Control:
Active against haematophagous nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus and Bunostomum spp. in the gastrointestinal tract. - Ectoparasite Treatment:
Shows efficacy against certain external parasites, including Hypoderma larvae and nasal bots (Oestrus ovis) in sheep. - Preventive Use:
Used prophylactically in fluke-prone grazing regions to prevent fluke infestations in livestock during high-risk seasons.
- Livestock Management
- Enhances overall herd health by eliminating subclinical parasitic burdens that reduce feed efficiency.
- Used in strategic deworming programs to maintain parasite control and prevent resistance development when rotated with other classes of anthelmintics.
Secondary Uses
- Veterinary Formulation Development
- Used as an active ingredient in the development of combination products for broader-spectrum parasitic control (e.g., with levamisole or albendazole).
- Parasitology Research
- Utilized in veterinary and parasitology studies to assess flukicide efficacy and resistance patterns in livestock parasites.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 3-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2'-hydroxybenzamide
- Common/Trade Name: Rafoxanide BP Vet
- CAS Number: 22662-39-1
- HS Code: 2933.39.90
- Synonyms: Flukiver; Salicylanilide anthelmintic; Rafoxanide
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid (powder or crystalline substance)
- Color & Odor: Pale yellow to beige; faint odor
- Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents (e.g., acetone, chloroform)
- Molecular Weight: 461.7 g/mol
- Melting Point: ~250°C (decomposes)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: May cause skin and eye irritation; harmful if swallowed
- Toxicity: Low toxicity to target species at recommended doses; potential for toxicity in overdose
- Exposure Limits: Not established; handle with care using veterinary handling protocols
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
- Container Type: Plastic or fiber drums with polyethylene liners
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years under recommended conditions
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust formation; use appropriate PPE during mixing or formulation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) veterinary standards
- Approved for veterinary use in many regions under regulated conditions
- Manufactured in GMP-compliant veterinary pharmaceutical facilities
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Slowly biodegradable; persists in manure and pasture
- Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid contamination of waterways
- Bioaccumulation: Potential for accumulation in aquatic environments if misused
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, and eye protection
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhalation of dust; avoid contact with skin and eyes
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical attention for irritation
- Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present; seek medical help
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate veterinary or medical assistance
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but may decompose at high temperatures releasing toxic gases
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or CO₂; avoid direct water spray
- Special Precautions: Wear protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride, carbon oxides, fluorinated compounds
Related products
Doxycycline Hyclate BP
Doxycycline Hyclate BP is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic tetracycline-class antibiotic available as the hemihydrate salt form of doxycycline. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations due to its high bioavailability, broad antibacterial activity, and favorable pharmacokinetic profile. The compound exhibits bacteriostatic action by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, making it effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as atypical pathogens. It is typically supplied as a fine, white to off-white crystalline powder soluble in water and suitable for oral and parenteral dosage forms.
Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride
Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used primarily in veterinary medicine. It is the hydrochloride salt of enrofloxacin, offering enhanced solubility and bioavailability. Enrofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, disrupting DNA replication in Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms as well as some Mycoplasma species. It is available as a white to off-white crystalline powder, used in injectable, oral, and topical formulations designed for livestock, companion animals, and aquatic species.
Guaiphenesin BP
Guaiphenesin BP is a white crystalline powder or granules with a faint characteristic odor, classified as an expectorant used primarily in pharmaceutical formulations to relieve chest congestion. It works by loosening and thinning mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear from the respiratory tract. It is widely utilized in cough syrups, tablets, and cold remedies. Recognized for its mucolytic and muscle-relaxant properties, Guaiphenesin is included in both prescription and over-the-counter medications worldwide.
Levamisole Hcl BP2000
Levamisole Hcl BP2000 is a white to off-white crystalline powder, soluble in water, with anthelmintic and immunomodulatory properties. It is primarily used as a veterinary antiparasitic agent effective against gastrointestinal nematodes in livestock. Levamisole HCL BP2000 conforms to British Pharmacopoeia standards, ensuring high purity and quality for pharmaceutical and veterinary formulations. Beyond veterinary uses, it is also researched for immunostimulant properties in medical applications.
Mebendazole USP ( Micronized white)
Mebendazole USP (Micronized White) is a pharmaceutical-grade anthelmintic agent used for the treatment of parasitic worm infections. The micronized white powder form offers enhanced bioavailability and better dispersion in pharmaceutical formulations. It is effective against a broad spectrum of intestinal parasites including roundworms, whipworms, hookworms, and pinworms. Mebendazole is commonly used in oral tablet and suspension preparations, ensuring efficient parasite eradication with minimal side effects.
Metronidazole Benzoate BP
Metronidazole Benzoate BP is a benzoate ester derivative of metronidazole, used primarily as an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent. It is a prodrug that hydrolyzes in the body to release metronidazole, making it more palatable for pediatric and geriatric oral suspensions. It complies with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards for purity and efficacy.
Metronidazole BP
Metronidazole BP is a benzoate ester derivative of metronidazole, used primarily as an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent. It is a prodrug that hydrolyzes in the body to release metronidazole, making it more palatable for pediatric and geriatric oral suspensions. It complies with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards for purity and efficacy.
Norfloxacin
Norfloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used primarily to treat bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death. Norfloxacin is effective against various Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria and is commonly used in urinary tract infections, prostatitis, and gastroenteritis.
