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Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP)
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Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP), chemical formula Na₅P₃O₁₀, is a white, granular or powdery inorganic compound widely used as a sequestrant, dispersant, and detergent builder. This 25kg packaged product is highly soluble in water, forming alkaline solutions that effectively soften water by chelating calcium and magnesium ions. Its excellent emulsifying and dispersing properties make it an essential ingredient in detergents, water treatment, food processing, and industrial cleaning applications.
Description
Uses
Primary Uses
Detergent Industry
- Builder Agent: Enhances cleaning efficiency by softening hard water, preventing mineral deposits.
- Dispersant: Prevents soil redeposition on fabrics during washing.
- Emulsifier: Stabilizes suspended particles in detergent formulations.
Food Industry
- Food Additive (E451): Used as a preservative, emulsifier, and texturizer in seafood, meat products, and processed foods.
- Water Retention Agent: Improves moisture retention in meat and poultry.
Water Treatment
- Sequestrant: Chelates metal ions in water systems to prevent scale and corrosion.
- Industrial Cleaning: Removes mineral deposits and controls hardness in boilers and cooling towers.
Ceramics & Paints
- Dispersing Agent: Prevents particle aggregation in ceramic slurries and paints.
Textile Industry
- Scouring Agent: Aids in removal of oils, waxes, and minerals from textiles before dyeing.
Secondary Uses
Cosmetics
- pH Buffer: Stabilizes formulations.
- Emulsifier: Improves texture and consistency.
Pharmaceuticals
- Excipient: Used in tablet formulations for improved binding and moisture control.
Paper Industry
- Retention Aid: Enhances retention of fillers and fines in paper manufacturing.
Oil & Gas Industry
Scale Inhibitor: Controls mineral scale formation in drilling fluids.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium triphosphate
- Common/Trade Name: Sodium tripolyphosphate, STPP
- CAS Number: 7758-29-4
- HS Code: 2835.31.00
- Synonyms: Sodium triphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate
Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White granular or powder
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: 50-60 g/100 mL water at 20°C
- Density: 2.53 g/cm³
- Melting Point: Decomposes above 620°C
- pH (1% solution): Alkaline (11-12)
Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under normal use
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; oral LD₅₀ > 5,000 mg/kg (rat)
- Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA limits; general dust precautions advised
- Corrosivity: Non-corrosive but alkaline
Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and acids
- Container Type: 25kg PE-lined bags or plastic drums
- Shelf Life: 24 months if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation; use appropriate PPE
Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- REACH Registered
- FDA Approved for food use (E451)
- Complies with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
- Not classified as dangerous goods for transport
Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Moderately biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic life at typical use levels
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
Aquatic Impact: Excessive release may cause eutrophication due to phosphorus content
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, goggles recommended during handling
- Handling Guidelines: Use local exhaust ventilation to minimize dust
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and dry
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms develop
- Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water
- Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if large amounts ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
- Extinguishing Media: Use extinguishing media suitable for surrounding fire
Hazardous Combustion Products: May release toxic fumes including phosphorus oxides if heated strongly
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