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Potassium Citrate
Potassium Citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid, appearing as a white, crystalline, water-soluble powder. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial applications due to its buffering, alkalizing, and sequestrant properties. Potassium Citrate helps regulate acidity and provides potassium ions critical for various biochemical and physiological functions.
Potassium Citrate
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals and Medicine
- Used as an alkalinizing agent to treat metabolic acidosis and kidney stones by increasing urinary pH and citrate levels.
- Employed in dietary supplements to provide potassium and citrate for electrolyte balance.
- Incorporated in formulations to prevent kidney stone formation and promote urinary tract health.
- Food and Beverage Industry
- Acts as a food additive (E332) serving as a buffering agent, acidity regulator, and sequestrant in beverages, jams, dairy products, and processed foods.
- Enhances flavor stability and prevents crystallization in frozen desserts and confectionery.
- Agriculture
- Used as a potassium fertilizer supplement to supply essential potassium for crop nutrition.
- Functions as a chelating agent to improve micronutrient availability in soil and foliar feeding.
- Industrial Applications
- Utilized in detergents and cleaning products to soften water and enhance cleaning efficiency.
- Acts as a buffering agent in various chemical processes requiring pH control.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Added to skincare and cosmetic formulations for pH regulation and mild buffering.
- Used in bath salts and therapeutic products for mineral supplementation.
- Laboratory and Analytical Chemistry
- Used as a standard reagent and buffering agent in biochemical assays and analytical tests.
- Animal Feed
- Included in animal feed supplements to maintain electrolyte balance and support metabolic functions.
- Environmental Applications
- Used in wastewater treatment to neutralize acidic effluents and prevent scale formation.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Tripotassium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
- Common/Trade Name: Potassium Citrate
- CAS Number: 6100-05-6
- HS Code: 2918.14 (Potassium salts of citric acid)
- Synonyms: Potassium 3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoate; potassium citrate tribasic
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid, crystalline powder or granules
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~100 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Melting Point: Decomposes around 300°C
- Density: Approximately 1.67 g/cm³
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous; generally safe under normal use
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; excessive intake can cause hyperkalemia
- Exposure Limits: Standard occupational exposure guidelines apply; avoid inhalation of dust
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place in tightly closed containers
- Container Type: Plastic or glass containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–5 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use dust mask and gloves if handling large quantities to prevent irritation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with food, pharmaceutical, and agricultural standards (e.g., FDA, USP, EP)
- Approved as a food additive (E332) and pharmaceutical ingredient
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable and environmentally friendly
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial life
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, and eye protection recommended during bulk handling
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust generation; use in well-ventilated areas
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and dry
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if large quantities are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguisher
- Special Precautions: None specific to potassium citrate
- Hazardous Combustion Products: None
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Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Ferric Ammonium Citrate is a dark green to black crystalline or granular inorganic compound composed of iron, ammonium ions, and citrate ions. It is a complex salt of citric acid with ferric iron (Fe³⁺) and ammonium. This compound is highly soluble in water, forming a greenish solution, and is widely utilized as a source of iron in various chemical, pharmaceutical, photographic, and food applications. It acts as a mild oxidizing agent and an iron supplement, valued for its bioavailability and ease of incorporation into formulations. Ferric Ammonium Citrate is typically available in different formulations distinguished by their water and ammonium content, such as green and brown types.
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Lactose Monohydrate 200 Mesh
Lactose Monohydrate 200 Mesh is a fine, white, crystalline powder derived from milk sugar with a particle size of 200 mesh, indicating very fine granules. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and confectionery industries as a filler, binder, and stabilizer. Lactose Monohydrate is valued for its excellent compressibility, low hygroscopicity, and compatibility with many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The monohydrate form contains one molecule of water, enhancing its stability and flow properties.
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Nicotinamide BP, also known as niacinamide, is a water-soluble form of vitamin B3 (niacin). It is a vital nutrient involved in numerous cellular processes, including energy metabolism, DNA repair, and antioxidant activity. Widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutritional applications, Nicotinamide supports skin health, improves barrier function, and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. It is commonly found in dietary supplements, skincare formulations, and medical treatments for various dermatological conditions.
Potassium Iodide
Potassium Iodide is a white, crystalline inorganic salt that serves as a vital source of iodine. It is widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and industrial fields. Potassium Iodide is highly soluble in water and is used both as a dietary supplement to prevent iodine deficiency and as a protective agent against radioactive iodine exposure. It also finds applications in chemical synthesis and photographic processes.
