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Potassium Chloride BP
Potassium Chloride BP (British Pharmacopoeia grade) is a high-purity, pharmaceutical-grade potassium salt widely used in medical, agricultural, and industrial applications. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and serves as an essential source of potassium ions in various biochemical and physiological processes. The BP grade ensures strict compliance with purity and quality standards, making it suitable for pharmaceutical formulations and clinical use.
Potassium Chloride BP
Primary Uses
- Pharmaceuticals and Medicine
- Used as an electrolyte replenisher in intravenous (IV) fluids and oral supplements to treat hypokalemia (low potassium levels).
- Ingredient in oral rehydration salts (ORS) to restore electrolyte balance.
- Used in tablet and capsule formulations for potassium supplementation.
- Agriculture
- Major component of potassium fertilizers (e.g., muriate of potash) to enhance soil fertility and crop yield.
- Used to correct potassium deficiencies in soil essential for plant growth.
- Food Industry
- Used as a salt substitute and food additive (E508) to reduce sodium content in processed foods.
- Acts as a stabilizer and preservative in food processing.
- Chemical Industry
- Employed in the manufacture of potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, and other potassium compounds.
- Used as a raw material in chemical synthesis and industrial processes.
Secondary Uses
- Water Treatment
- Used in water softening and conditioning systems to replace sodium ions with potassium ions.
- Laboratory Reagent
- Utilized as a standard reagent and electrolyte in analytical chemistry and biochemical assays.
- Animal Feed
- Added to animal feed formulations to provide essential potassium for livestock health and growth.
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Incorporated in some cosmetic products as a buffering agent and skin conditioning ingredient.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Potassium chloride
- Common/Trade Name: Potassium Chloride BP
- CAS Number: 7447-40-7
- HS Code: 2834.29 (Potassium chlorides)
- Synonyms: KCl; muriate of potash (fertilizer grade)
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid, crystalline powder or granules
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~34.2 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- Melting Point: 770°C (decomposes)
- Density: ~1.984 g/cm³
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; non-reactive with water
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under normal use; avoid excessive ingestion
Toxicity: Low toxicity; however, excessive intake can cause hyperkalemia - Exposure Limits: Follow standard occupational exposure guidelines; avoid inhalation of dust
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture
- Container Type: Sealed plastic or glass containers to prevent contamination and moisture ingress
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–5 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Use gloves and dust mask if handling large quantities; avoid dust generation
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards for pharmaceutical use
- Meets food-grade and agricultural chemical regulations where applicable
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Inorganic salt, not biodegradable but environmentally inert
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental toxicity; high concentrations can affect aquatic life by altering ion balance
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, dust mask, and eye protection recommended during handling of bulk quantities
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust formation; use in well-ventilated areas
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed; protect from moisture
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists
- Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water; seek medical advice if large quantities are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible
- Extinguishing Media: Use appropriate extinguishing media for surrounding fire (water, foam, dry chemical)
- Special Precautions: None required specific to potassium chloride
- Hazardous Combustion Products: None
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