Calcined Kaolin

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Calcined Kaolin is a fine, white to off-white powder produced by heating natural kaolin clay to high temperatures (typically between 600°C and 900°C) in a controlled process called calcination. This thermal treatment removes chemically bound water, changes the crystalline structure, and enhances the physical and chemical properties of kaolin. The resulting product exhibits increased brightness, hardness, and opacity, making it highly valuable as a functional additive and filler in numerous industrial applications. Calcined Kaolin is widely used in coatings, ceramics, plastics, rubber, paper, and paint industries to improve durability, brightness, and performance.

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Categories: Fillers & Extenders, Fillers and Reinforcements, Pigments, Specialty Coatings Tags: Calcined kaolin, Ceramics and refractory materials, Construction and cement additive, Paints and coatings filler, Paper industry pigment, Rubber and plastics additive, White clay powder

Description

Table of Contents

Calcined Kaolin

Primary Uses

Coatings & Paints
- Used as a functional extender to improve paint durability, brightness, and opacity.
- Enhances scratch resistance, corrosion resistance, and weatherability of coatings.
- Acts as a matting agent and improves the rheology (flow properties) of paint formulations.
Paper Industry
- Serves as a filler and coating pigment to improve paper brightness, smoothness, and printability.
- Enhances paper opacity and bulk, providing better surface gloss and ink holdout.
Ceramics
- Used in ceramic formulations to improve strength, whiteness, and thermal stability.
- Reduces firing temperature and improves product uniformity.
Plastics & Rubber
- Acts as a reinforcing filler in plastics and rubber compounds, enhancing mechanical strength and resistance to abrasion.
- Improves dimensional stability and surface finish of molded products.
Construction Materials
- Incorporated in cement, plaster, and concrete to improve hardness, reduce permeability, and increase resistance to chemical attack.

Secondary Uses

Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Used as an absorbent and mattifying agent in powders and makeup products.
Adhesives & Sealants
- Functions as a rheology modifier and extender to improve performance characteristics.
Agriculture

Occasionally used as an inert carrier or anti-caking agent in fertilizers and pesticides.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Aluminum silicate hydroxide (dehydroxylated form after calcination)
Common/Trade Names: Calcined Kaolin, Metakaolin, Thermally Treated Kaolin
CAS Number: 1318-74-7 (kaolin base)
HS Code: 2507.00.00
Molecular Formula: Approx. Al2Si2O7 (dehydroxylated kaolin)
Synonyms:
- Metakaolin
- Calcined Clay
- Thermally Activated Kaolin

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Fine powder
Color & Odor: White to off-white; odorless
Melting Point: Not applicable (inorganic mineral)
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Density: Approx. 2.6–2.8 g/cm³
Solubility: Insoluble in water and organic solvents
pH: Neutral to slightly alkaline (6–8) in aqueous suspension
Stability: Chemically stable; non-hygroscopic

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous under normal handling
NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 0
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL for nuisance dust: 15 mg/m³ (total dust), 5 mg/m³ (respirable dust)
Toxicity: Low toxicity; inhalation of fine dust may cause mild respiratory irritation
Reactivity: Stable; inert under normal conditions

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in dry, cool areas away from moisture and contaminants
Container Type: Bulk bags, drums, or silos depending on quantity
Shelf Life: Indefinite if stored properly
Special Handling: Minimize dust generation; use PPE (masks, goggles, gloves) during handling

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

FDA Status: Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) as an indirect food contact substance (in some grades)
Pharmacopoeia Compliance: Not typically listed in pharmacopeias
Transportation: Not regulated as hazardous material
Waste Disposal: Dispose of according to local regulations; inert waste

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Low environmental hazard; inert mineral
Persistence: Non-biodegradable but environmentally inert
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic; some respirable dust forms of kaolin are considered nuisance dust
Biodegradability: Not biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

Dust mask or respirator (NIOSH-approved)
Gloves
Protective goggles
Protective clothing

Handling Measures:

Avoid inhalation of dust
Use local exhaust ventilation or dust extraction systems
Handle in well-ventilated areas

Storage Measures:

Keep containers tightly closed
Store in dry conditions to prevent caking

Hygiene Practices:

Wash hands and exposed skin after handling
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if coughing or breathing difficulty occurs
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; no significant toxicity expected; seek medical advice if large amounts ingested

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
Extinguishing Media: Use extinguishing media appropriate for surrounding fire (water, foam, dry chemical)
Special Precautions: Use protective equipment to avoid dust inhalation during fire conditions
Decomposition Products: None under normal fire conditions