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Maltodextrin
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Maltodextrin is a white, odorless, tasteless polysaccharide produced from partial hydrolysis of starch (typically corn, potato, rice, or wheat starch). It consists of short chains of D-glucose units and is classified by its dextrose equivalent (DE), typically ranging from 3 to 20. Maltodextrin is easily digestible, water-soluble, and has a mildly sweet to nearly neutral flavor depending on its DE value. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications as a filler, thickener, bulking agent, and carrier, owing to its excellent functionality and safety.
Description
Maltodextrin
Primary Uses
- Food & Beverage Industry
- Bulking Agent: Used to add volume and texture to low-calorie or sugar-free foods without adding excessive sweetness.
- Carrier for Flavors & Colors: Acts as a carrier or encapsulant for powdered flavors, seasonings, vitamins, and colorants.
- Thickener and Filler: Enhances mouthfeel and consistency in soups, sauces, gravies, salad dressings, and baby foods.
- Energy Source: Commonly used in energy drinks, protein powders, and sports supplements for fast-absorbing carbohydrates.
- Sugar Substitute: Used in confectionery, bakery products, and beverages to replace sugar while maintaining texture and bulk.
- Spray Drying Aid: Helps in producing stable powders by encapsulating liquids during spray drying (e.g., for milk powders or coffee creamers).
- Fermentation Substrate: Used in brewing and fermentation processes as a controlled carbohydrate source.
- Pharmaceutical Industry
- Tablet Binder and Filler: Functions as an excipient in tablet formulations, enhancing compression and stability.
- Carrier for Active Ingredients: Used to deliver active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in powder, capsule, and liquid formulations.
- Stabilizer: Stabilizes suspensions, syrups, and emulsions in over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
- Taste Masking Agent: Helps mask bitter or unpleasant tastes of certain medications.
- Nutraceuticals & Dietary Supplements
- Caloric Supplement: Incorporated in high-calorie and weight-gain supplements.
- Prebiotic Support: Low-DE maltodextrins may provide minimal prebiotic benefits for gut health.
- Powdered Supplements: Acts as a carrier or bulking agent for powdered vitamins, proteins, and minerals.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetics & Personal Care
- Stabilizer and Filler: Used in creams, lotions, and face powders for bulking and thickening.
- Natural Binder: Added to skincare products for enhanced texture and to bind natural ingredients in formulations.
- Encapsulation Agent: Used to encapsulate botanical extracts or essential oils in powder form.
- Industrial Applications
- Adhesives & Paper Industry: Employed in water-based adhesives and paper sizing agents for improved bonding.
- Textile Printing: Used as a thickening agent in some textile printing pastes.
- Biodegradable Plastics: Occasionally used as a starch-derived additive in bioplastic formulations.
- Agricultural Applications
- Carrier for Agrochemicals: Used to carry and evenly disperse micronutrients or pesticide formulations in powder form.
- Animal Feed: Included as a carbohydrate source and binder in feed pellets and supplements.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): (C6H10O5)n
- Common/Trade Name: Maltodextrin
- CAS Number: 9050-36-6
- HS Code: 1702.90.50
- Synonyms: Hydrolyzed starch; Soluble starch; Starch hydrolysate; DE powder; Spray-dried maltodextrin
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Fine, free-flowing powder
- Color & Odor: White to off-white; odorless
- Taste: Slightly sweet to bland depending on DE value
- Solubility: Completely soluble in water
- Dextrose Equivalent (DE): Typically 5–20
- pH (1% solution): 4.0 – 7.0
- Moisture Content: <6%
- Bulk Density: ~0.5 – 0.8 g/cm³
- Calorific Value: ~4 kcal/g
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous
- Toxicity: Non-toxic; generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational limits; low risk under normal handling
- Allergenicity: Gluten-free if derived from corn or rice; wheat-derived forms may contain gluten unless labeled gluten-free
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place, protected from moisture and pests
- Container Type: Food-grade polyethylene-lined kraft paper bags or fiber drums
- Shelf Life: 18–24 months under recommended conditions
- Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust; use protective gear during bulk handling
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Food Grade Approval: GRAS (FDA); E1400 (EU food additive)
- Pharmaceutical Grade: Conforms to FCC, USP, and EP monographs
- Labeling Requirements: Must indicate source for allergen disclosure (e.g., wheat-derived)
- Kosher/Halal Certification: Available upon request
- REACH & CLP: Not classified under hazardous substances
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low risk to aquatic and terrestrial environments
- Bioaccumulation: Not bioaccumulative
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified; considered safe for intended uses
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
- Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Dust mask, gloves, and goggles for large-scale industrial handling
- Handling Guidelines: Minimize dust generation; avoid static discharge in dry environments
- Storage Measures: Keep container sealed when not in use; protect from humidity
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical help if discomfort persists
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water if irritation occurs
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for several minutes; consult physician if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Safe for consumption in food-grade quantities; no adverse effects expected
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible dust hazard in powdered form in high concentrations
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO₂, or water spray
- Special Precautions: Avoid dust cloud formation; remove ignition sources
- Hazardous Combustion Products: CO₂, CO, and minor organic volatiles under fire
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