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Cyproheptadine HCL
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Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride (HCL) is a synthetic first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic and serotonin antagonist properties. It appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder, soluble in water, with a bitter taste. Cyproheptadine HCL is widely used in medical and veterinary fields for its potent antihistaminic effects, appetite stimulation, and treatment of allergic conditions. It blocks H1 histamine receptors, helping to reduce symptoms of allergic reactions, and is also used for various off-label applications including migraine prophylaxis and serotonin syndrome management.
Description
Cyproheptadine HCL Uses
Primary UsesÂ
Medical and Pharmaceutical
- Used as an antihistamine to treat allergic reactions such as hay fever, urticaria (hives), allergic rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.
- Employed as an appetite stimulant in cases of anorexia or cachexia.
- Used in the management of serotonin syndrome due to its serotonin antagonist activity.
- Administered to relieve itching and symptoms of eczema and dermatitis.
- Used off-label for migraine prophylaxis and prevention.
Veterinary Medicine
- Used to control allergic responses and pruritus in animals.
- Administered as an appetite stimulant in veterinary treatments.
Secondary UsesÂ
Research and Experimental Use
- Utilized in research to study histaminergic and serotonergic pathways.
- Investigated for potential use in neurological disorders linked to serotonin imbalance.
Compounding Pharmacy
Formulated into custom oral, injectable, or topical dosage forms for specific patient needs.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 4-(5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-1-methylpiperidine hydrochloride
- Common/Trade Name: Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride (Cyproheptadine HCL)
- CAS Number: 129-03-3
- HS Code: 2933.99.90
- Molecular Formula: C21H22ClN
- Synonyms:
- Cyproheptadine HCl
- Periactin (brand name)
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to off-white crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: White/off-white; odorless
- Melting Point: 124–126°C
- Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
- Density: Not typically specified for powder
- Solubility:
- Freely soluble in water
- Soluble in ethanol and methanol
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and moisture
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Not classified as hazardous under normal handling conditions
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 1
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 0
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits; avoid inhalation of dust
- Toxicity: Can cause sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, and anticholinergic side effects if overdosed
- Reactivity: Stable; avoid strong oxidizing agents
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from light and moisture
- Container Type: Airtight, light-resistant containers
- Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years when stored properly
- Special Handling: Use PPE to avoid dust inhalation and skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Approved for medical use as an antihistamine and appetite stimulant
- REACH Status: Registered under chemical safety regulations
- Transportation: Not classified as hazardous material
- Waste Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with pharmaceutical waste regulations
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental risk; avoid release into waterways
- Persistence: Biodegradable under normal environmental conditions
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: No evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic effects
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
-
Safety Handling Precautions
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Protective gloves
- Safety goggles
- Dust mask if handling powder in bulk
Handling Measures:
- Avoid inhalation of dust
- Use in well-ventilated areas
- Avoid contact with skin and eyes
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly closed
- Protect from light and moisture
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands thoroughly after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulty occurs.
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops.
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists.
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical assistance.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible solid; emits toxic fumes when burned.
- Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide.
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus.
Decomposition Products: May produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen oxides.
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