Calcium Formate

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Calcium Formate is the calcium salt of formic acid, appearing as a white, free-flowing crystalline powder or granules. It is an odorless compound with a slightly bitter taste and is non-toxic. The chemical formula is Ca(HCOO)₂ with a molecular weight of 130.0 g/mol. Calcium Formate is slightly hygroscopic and readily soluble in water, with solubility of approximately 16.1 g/100 mL at 20°C. Its water solution is neutral with a pH of 6.0 to 8.0. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions and has a decomposition temperature exceeding 400°C. Technical grade Calcium Formate is manufactured for industrial applications including construction, animal feed, leather processing, and water treatment.
Description
Table of Contents

Calcium Formate

Primary Uses

1. Construction Chemicals
  • Cement accelerator in concrete and mortar formulations to shorten setting time and increase early strength development
  • Used in fast-hardening concretes for cold weather concreting applications as an anti-freezing agent
  • Added to cement-based adhesives for ceramic tiles, marble tiles, and natural stone installations
  • Used in self-leveling floor compounds, floor screeds, and cement slurries for filling joints
  • Applied in concrete renders for repairing, reinforced, and regular concretes
  • Used in seamless coatings for pedestrian paths, walkways, and industrial floors
  • Functions as a binder and adhesive between different substrates including old and new concrete layers
  • Provides no corrosion to steel reinforcement bars; non-toxic and environmentally friendly
  • Used in precast concrete products including concrete blocks, paving stones, and concrete pipes
  • Added to shotcrete and gunite applications for tunnel lining and slope stabilization
  • Used in refractory castables and high-temperature cement formulations
  • Applied in grouting compounds for foundation repairs and anchor bolt installations
  • Used in mortar for brick laying, block work, and stone masonry
  • Added to repair mortars for concrete structure rehabilitation
  • Used in cementitious waterproofing slurries and coatings
2. Agricultural Chemicals
  • Animal feed additive used as an acidifier, mold inhibitor, and antimicrobial agent for all animal species including swine, poultry, cattle, and aquaculture
  • Adjusts stomach pH in livestock, increasing appetite, promoting weight gain, and improving feed conversion ratio
  • Provides calcium supplementation as a trace element source for bone development and eggshell quality in poultry
  • Used in piglet feeds to prevent post-weaning diarrhea and improve gut health
  • Used in poultry feeds to reduce salmonella colonization and improve intestinal health
  • Preservative in animal feed formulations to prevent mold growth and extend shelf life
  • Applied as a silage treatment compound to improve fermentation quality and reduce spoilage
  • Used in calf milk replacers and starter feeds for young ruminants
  • Added to horse feeds as a calcium supplement and digestive aid
  • Used in pet food formulations including dry kibble, wet food, and treats
  • Applied in aquaculture feeds for fish and shrimp to improve growth and disease resistance
  • Used in organic livestock production as a permitted feed additive
  • Added to mineral premixes and vitamin supplements for animals
  • Used in liquid feed supplements and drinking water acidification
3. Specialty and Fine Chemicals
  • Industrial additive used as a buffering agent and lubricant in various manufacturing processes
  • Used in the production of dyes, pigments, and optical brighteners for textiles and paper
  • Applied in glass and ceramic additives as a processing aid and fluxing agent
  • Functions in the synthesis of other water-soluble formate salts including sodium formate and potassium formate
  • Used as a reducing agent in chemical synthesis and organic reactions
  • Applied in the production of adhesives, sealants, and glues
  • Used in rubber processing as a coagulant and release agent
  • Added to printing inks and coating formulations as a rheology modifier
  • Used in metal surface treatment and pickling baths as a buffering agent
  • Applied in the manufacturing of construction chemicals including superplasticizers and retarders
  • Used in the production of formic acid via acidification with sulfuric acid
  • Added to textile finishing agents and fabric softeners
4. Leather Processing Chemicals
  • Used in leather tanning as a deliming and bating agent to remove lime from hides
  • Applied in leather finishing additives and treatments to improve leather softness
  • Reduces water consumption in leather processing while maintaining leather quality
  • Used in chrome tanning processes as a masking agent
  • Applied in vegetable tanning as a pH buffer and penetration aid
  • Used in leather dyeing as a levelling agent for uniform color distribution
  • Added to leather fatliquoring formulations as an emulsifying aid
  • Used in leather preservation and storage treatments to prevent mold growth
5. Water Treatment Chemicals
  • Functions as a coagulant and buffering agent in municipal and industrial water treatment
  • Used in flue-gas desulfurization processes in power plants to remove sulfur dioxide
  • Applied in refinery and gas treatment operations for corrosion control
  • Used in cooling water treatment as a scale inhibitor and corrosion inhibitor
  • Added to boiler water treatment formulations for pH control
  • Used in wastewater treatment for heavy metal precipitation and neutralization
  • Applied in swimming pool water treatment as a pH buffer
  • Used in industrial process water treatment for scale prevention

Secondary Uses

1. Oil and Gas Chemicals
  • Used in well cementing and completion of oil drilling operations as an accelerator
  • Accelerates cement setting in oil well applications for deep and high-temperature wells
  • Improves workability of depth underground in oil fields
  • Provides no contamination to oil and well environment
  • Used in drilling fluid additives for shale stabilization
  • Applied in workover and completion fluids for well maintenance
2. Chemical Manufacturing
  • Used as a raw material for producing formic acid via reaction with sulfuric acid
  • Functions as a low-cost reducing agent in converting carboxylic acids to aldehydes
  • Used in the preparation of other water-soluble formate salts
  • Applied in the synthesis of organic intermediates for pharmaceutical production
  • Used in the manufacturing of rubber accelerators and vulcanizing agents
  • Applied in the production of electroplating chemicals and metal finishing compounds
3. Fertilizer Additives
  • Used as an additive in compound fertilizer formulations to provide calcium and formate ions
  • Applied in slow-release fertilizer coatings to control nutrient release
  • Used in liquid fertilizer formulations as a calcium source and pH buffer
  • Added to foliar fertilizer sprays for calcium supplementation in plants
  • Used in hydroponic nutrient solutions as a calcium source
4. Adhesives and Sealants
  • Used in the production of construction adhesives including tile adhesives and stone adhesives
  • Added to wood glues and furniture adhesives for improved bonding
  • Used in packaging adhesives and carton sealing formulations
  • Applied in automotive adhesives and sealants for vibration damping
  • Used in carpet backing adhesives and textile laminating adhesives
5. Paints and Coatings
  • Used as a filler and extender in water-based paint formulations
  • Added to anti-corrosion coatings for metal protection
  • Used in textured coatings and decorative finishes
  • Applied in fire-retardant coatings as a smoke suppressant additive
6. Rubber Processing Chemicals
  • Used as a coagulant in natural rubber latex processing
  • Added to synthetic rubber compounding as a processing aid
  • Used in rubber reclaiming processes for devulcanization
  • Applied in rubber-to-metal bonding adhesives
7. Paper and Pulp Chemicals
  • Used in paper coating formulations as a pigment dispersant
  • Added to paper sizing agents for improved water resistance
  • Used in pulp bleaching processes as a stabilizer
  • Applied in deinking formulations for recycled paper processing
8. Mining Chemicals
  • Used in mineral processing as a flotation depressant
  • Added to ore leaching solutions as a pH buffer
  • Used in tailings treatment for heavy metal stabilization
  • Applied in dust suppression formulations for haul roads and stockpiles
9. Food and Beverage Chemicals
  • Used as a food preservative in baked goods, cheeses, and processed meats (certified food grade only)
  • Added to fruit juices and soft drinks as a calcium fortification agent
  • Used in dietary supplements as a calcium source for bone health
  • Applied in sports drinks and electrolyte formulations
  • Used in brewing and winemaking as a processing aid for pH adjustment
10. Pharmaceutical Chemicals
  • Used as an excipient in tablet formulations as a lubricant and binder
  • Added to effervescent tablet formulations as a calcium source
  • Used in antacid preparations for acid neutralization
  • Applied in calcium supplement products for osteoporosis prevention
11. Plastics and Polymer Manufacturing Chemicals
  • Used as a heat stabilizer in PVC processing
  • Added to biodegradable plastic formulations as a filler
  • Used in polymer compounding as a lubricant and processing aid
  • Applied in masterbatch production for color dispersion
12. Textile Chemicals
  • Used in textile dyeing as a pH buffer and levelling agent
  • Added to textile printing pastes for viscosity control
  • Used in fabric finishing as a softening agent
  • Applied in denim washing and stone washing processes
KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

  • Chemical Name (IUPAC): Calcium diformate
  • Common/Trade Name: Calcium Formate; Calcium salt of formic acid
  • CAS Number: 544-17-2
  • HS Code: 2915.12
  • EINECS Number: 208-863-7
  • Molecular Formula: Ca(HCOO)₂
  • Molecular Weight: 130.0 g/mol
  • Synonyms: Calcium diformate, Calco form, Calcium salt of formic acid

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

  • Physical State: Crystalline powder or granules
  • Color & Odor: White to off-white; odorless
  • Purity: 93% to 98% typical (industrial grade)
  • Calcium Content: 28.5% to 30.2%
  • Moisture: 0.3% to 1.0% maximum
  • pH (10% solution): 6.0 to 8.0 (neutral)
  • Solubility: Soluble in water (approximately 16.1 g/100 mL at 20°C)
  • Density: 2.023 g/cm³ at 20°C
  • Bulk Density: 900 to 1000 g/L
  • Melting Point: Decomposes above 400°C (no melting prior to decomposition)
  • Water Insoluble Matter: 0.5% to 1.0% maximum

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

  • GHS Classification: Generally not classified as hazardous
  • Toxicity: Non-toxic; LD₅₀ oral rat > 5,000 mg/kg
  • Irritation: May cause mild mechanical irritation to eyes and respiratory tract
  • Flammability: Non-flammable
  • Stability: Stable under normal storage conditions; protect from moisture

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

  • Storage Conditions: Store in a dry, ventilated, and cool place. Protect from rain, heat, and moisture. Keep containers tightly closed.
  • Container Type: 25kg PP woven bags, 25kg kraft paper bags, or 1000/1200kg jumbo bags
  • Shelf Life: 12 to 24 months when stored under recommended conditions
  • Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation; use with adequate ventilation; minimize moisture exposure; wash hands after handling
  • Storage Measures: Protect from moisture and humidity; maintain dry conditions; store away from strong oxidizing agents

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

  • Regulatory Status:
    • FDA: Approved as food additive and dietary supplement
    • EU: Authorized as feed additive (E238)
    • TSCA (USA): Listed
    • DSL (Canada): Listed
    • EINECS: 208-863-7
    • REACH: Registered for industrial use
  • Quality Standards: HG/T5614-2019 (China), REACH compliant
  • Labeling Requirements: Standard industrial chemical labeling; feed grade requires specific labeling for animal nutrition applications
  • Use Restrictions: Not for direct human consumption without appropriate certification

6. Environmental & Health Impact

  • Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
  • Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms; non-toxic and eco-friendly
  • Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation
  • Environmental Fate: Neutral compound; does not persist in environment
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

1. Safety Handling Precautions

  • PPE Required: Safety glasses or goggles; chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile recommended); dust mask or respirator when handling powder; protective clothing
  • Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; minimize dust generation and accumulation; avoid breathing dust; wash thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in handling areas
  • Storage Measures: Store in original, labeled containers with tight-fitting lids; protect from moisture and humidity; keep away from strong oxidizing agents; maintain dry, moderate temperature conditions
  • Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse

2. First Aid Measures

  • Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop.
  • Skin Contact: Wash skin with plenty of soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with lukewarm, gently flowing water for at least fifteen minutes while holding eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do NOT induce vomiting. Drink one or two glasses of water. Seek medical attention if large quantities are swallowed.

3. Firefighting Measures

  • Fire Hazards: Non-flammable. May evolve toxic fumes when heated to decomposition.
  • Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Select media appropriate for surrounding materials.
  • Special Firefighting Procedures: Wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA); use water spray to cool exposed containers; contain firefighting runoff
  • Hazardous Combustion Products: Oxides of carbon, formaldehyde