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Chloroxylenol BP (PCMX)
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Chloroxylenol (PCMX) is a pale yellow to colorless crystalline solid with a mild phenolic odor. It is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used for its bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral properties. Chemically known as 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, Chloroxylenol acts by disrupting microbial cell membranes and inhibiting enzyme systems, making it effective against many gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Its relatively low toxicity and skin irritation profile compared to other phenols have made it a preferred active ingredient in antiseptics, disinfectants, and preservative formulations across pharmaceutical, personal care, household, and industrial applications.
Description
Chloroxylenol BP (PCMX) Uses
Primary UsesÂ
Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare
- Active ingredient in antiseptic solutions, surgical scrubs, medicated soaps, and wound cleansers for preventing infections.
- Used in topical creams, ointments, and lotions for minor skin infections, cuts, abrasions, and fungal conditions.
- Incorporated in mouthwashes and throat lozenges for antimicrobial and antiseptic benefits.
- Utilized in hospital disinfectants and instrument sanitizers to reduce microbial contamination.
Household & Institutional Disinfectants
- Key ingredient in surface disinfectants, floor cleaners, and sanitizing sprays for hospitals, clinics, and public spaces.
- Used in hand washes and sanitizers to control spread of pathogens.
- Incorporated in disinfectant wipes and cleaning products to maintain hygiene.
Personal Care Products
- Included in deodorants and antiseptic skin cleansers to prevent bacterial growth and odor formation.
- Used in formulations requiring broad antimicrobial activity and skin compatibility.
Secondary UsesÂ
Veterinary Medicine
- Used as an antiseptic and disinfectant in veterinary wound care and skin treatment products.
Industrial Applications
- Added as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in paints, coatings, and cooling water systems to prevent microbial spoilage.
- Used in wood preservatives to inhibit fungal decay and mold growth.
Agriculture
- Employed in certain biocidal formulations to control microbial contamination.
Cosmetics
Used as a preservative and antimicrobial additive in shampoos, lotions, and other cosmetic products to extend shelf life and prevent contamination.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol
- Common/Trade Name: Chloroxylenol, PCMX (Para-Chloro-meta-xylenol)
- CAS Number: 88-04-0
- HS Code: 2907.19.00
- Molecular Formula: C8H9ClO
- Synonyms:
- PCMX
- Para-chloro-meta-xylenol
- Chloroxylenol BP
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline solid or flakes
- Color & Odor: Pale yellow to colorless; mild phenolic odor
- Melting Point: 69–74°C
- Boiling Point: Approximately 285°C (decomposes)
- Density: 1.24 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility:
- Slightly soluble in water (~1.2 g/L at 20°C)
- Soluble in ethanol, ether, and other organic solvents
- Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and strong oxidizers
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Harmful if swallowed; skin and eye irritant
- NFPA Ratings: Health 2, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational limits; avoid inhalation and skin contact
- Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity; safe within recommended use levels
- Reactivity: Stable; avoid mixing with strong oxidizers and acids
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight
- Container Type: Amber glass or HDPE containers with tight seals
- Shelf Life: 2–3 years when stored properly
- Special Handling: Use PPE including gloves, goggles, and masks to avoid dust or vapor exposure
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Included in British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards for antiseptics
- Approved by global regulatory agencies for antiseptic and disinfectant use
- Registered under REACH and other chemical safety frameworks
- Transportation: Not classified as hazardous material for transport under normal conditions
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to local environmental regulations for phenolic substances
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Moderately toxic to aquatic life; avoid environmental release
- Persistence: Biodegradable under aerobic conditions, may persist anaerobically
- Bioaccumulation: Low potential
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable in the environment
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
-
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE: Chemical-resistant gloves, protective eyewear, lab coat/apron, respiratory protection when handling powders or aerosols
- Handling: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use in well-ventilated areas
- Storage: Keep container tightly closed, away from heat, sparks, and sunlight
- Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after use; avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during handling
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air; provide oxygen if breathing is difficult; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
- Skin Contact: Wash affected area with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation occurs
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; get medical help if irritation continues
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical assistance
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible solid; emits toxic fumes including chlorine-containing compounds and phenols when burned
- Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)
- Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, other toxic fumes
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