Glutardehyde
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Glutardehydeis a potent biocidal agent and chemical sterilant widely used in healthcare, water treatment, and industrial applications. It is a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid with a pungent, sharp odor. Chemically, it is a dialdehyde, primarily valued for its ability to cross-link proteins, making it highly effective as a disinfectant, fixative, and preservative. Typically supplied in concentrations of 25% or 50% aqueous solutions, Glutaraldehyde is used where high-level disinfection is needed—especially against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores. Its versatility also extends to tanning, laboratory science, and wastewater treatment.
Description
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Glutardehyde
Primary Uses
- Healthcare & Medical Industry
- High-level disinfectant for medical and dental instruments such as endoscopes, surgical tools, and respiratory equipment.
- Cold sterilization for heat-sensitive medical devices, replacing autoclaves in certain setups.
- Disinfectant in dialysis units, surgical suites, and isolation wards.
- Antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical manufacturing clean rooms.
- Preservative in diagnostic kits and laboratory reagents.
- Water Treatment & Sanitation
- Biocide in cooling towers, paper mills, and industrial water systems to prevent microbial biofilms.
- Sewage and effluent treatment for deactivating pathogens in wastewater streams.
- Oilfield water treatment to control sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and hydrogen sulfide production.
- Chemical & Biotech Industry
- Tissue fixative in histology and microscopy for preserving cellular detail in biological specimens.
- Cross-linking agent in protein chemistry and collagen stabilization.
- Intermediate in organic synthesis of polymers, resins, and pharmaceuticals.
- Latex coagulant and hardener in latex-based materials.
- Leather Tanning Industry
- Pre-tanning and re-tanning agent to stabilize collagen and improve leather durability.
- Enhances water resistance and chemical durability of processed hides.
- Veterinary and Agricultural Use
- Disinfectant for livestock housing, hatcheries, and animal transport equipment.
- Footbath and hoof disinfectant for cattle and sheep.
- Poultry and swine farm sanitation to control disease outbreaks.
Secondary Uses
- Cosmetic and Personal Care (Restricted Use)
- Trace use as a preservative in some cosmetic formulations, especially nail hardeners (subject to regulation due to sensitization risks).
- Laboratory & Research Applications
- Cell and virus inactivation in experimental virology and vaccine development.
- Fixation for electron microscopy to retain ultrastructural detail in tissues.
- Used in biomaterial preparation for medical device coatings and implants.
- Funeral Services and Embalming
- Used in embalming fluids to fix and preserve cadaver tissues for anatomical study.
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
- Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Pentane-1,5-dial
- Common/Trade Name: Glutaraldehyde
- CAS Number: 111-30-8
- HS Code: 2912.19.00
- Molecular Formula: C₅H₈O₂
- Molecular Weight: 100.12 g/mol
- Synonyms:
- Pentanedial
- Glutaral
- 1,5-Pentanedial
- CIDAL™ (trade name)
- Glutarex™
- Glutacide™
- Dialdehyde glutal
- Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Liquid
- Color & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow; pungent, sharp odor
- Purity (as solution): Typically 25% or 50% in water
- Boiling Point: ~187 °C (pure compound)
- Melting Point: −14 °C
- Density (25% solution): ~1.06 g/cm³
- Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol, and most polar solvents
- pH (aqueous solution): ~3.1 to 4.5 (adjustable with buffers)
- Stability: Stable when stored in acidic conditions; degrades in alkaline environments
- Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification:
- Acute Tox. 3 (Inhalation)
- Skin Corr. 1B
- Eye Dam. 1
- Skin Sens. 1
- Aquatic Acute 1
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 3
- Flammability: 1
- Reactivity: 0
- Toxicity:
- Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption
- Potential skin and respiratory sensitizer
- Storage & Handling Attributes
- Container Type: HDPE drums, IBC tanks, or stainless steel containers
- Storage Conditions:
- Store at 10–25 °C in a well-ventilated area
- Protect from light, heat, and alkalinity
- Shelf Life: 12–24 months depending on formulation and pH stabilization
- Handling Notes:
- Use only in well-ventilated environments
- Avoid contact with alkaline materials which degrade product
- Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- EPA Registered Biocide: Approved for use in water systems and surface disinfection
- FDA Status: Permitted for medical equipment sterilization (when properly rinsed)
- EU REACH: Registered and regulated under biocidal product regulations
- OSHA PEL: 0.2 ppm (ceiling)
- NIOSH REL: 0.2 ppm (ceiling)
- Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
- Ecotoxicity: Very toxic to aquatic organisms; strict effluent control needed
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC; may cause genetic damage in high exposures
SAFETY HANDLING ATTRIBUTES
- Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required:
- Impervious gloves (nitrile or neoprene)
- Safety goggles or face shield
- Chemical-resistant apron
- Respiratory protection in enclosed or high-concentration areas
- Handling Guidelines:
- Avoid aerosolization and spills
- Use only in fume hoods or under proper ventilation
- Neutralize spills with bisulfite-based neutralizers
- Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands and face after use
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke during handling
- First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing is difficult
- Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with water and soap
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical attention
- Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Not highly flammable, but combustible at elevated temperatures
- Flash Point: ~93 °C (200 °F)
- Extinguishing Media: CO₂, dry chemical, water spray, or foam
- Special Precautions:
- Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus
- Avoid runoff to sewers or waterways
- Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, and other toxic vapors
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