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Liquorice
Liquorice is the dried root extract of the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant, known for its distinctive sweet flavor and medicinal properties. It contains glycyrrhizin, a compound that is 30–50 times sweeter than sugar. Liquorice is widely used as a flavoring agent in confectionery, beverages, and tobacco, as well as in traditional and modern medicine for its soothing, anti-inflammatory, and expectorant effects.
Liquorice
Primary Uses
- Food and Beverage Industry
- Flavoring agent in confectionery such as candies, sweets, and chewing gum.
- Added to beverages like soft drinks, herbal teas, and liqueurs for its characteristic sweet and aromatic taste.
- Used in tobacco products to enhance flavor and mask harshness.
- Pharmaceutical and Herbal Medicine
- Employed in formulations as a demulcent to soothe sore throats and coughs.
- Used in herbal remedies for digestive issues, ulcers, and inflammation due to anti-inflammatory properties.
- Incorporated in throat lozenges, syrups, and expectorants.
- Cosmetic and Personal Care
- Used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory and skin brightening effects.
- Included in toothpaste and mouthwash for flavor and soothing effects on oral mucosa.
Secondary Uses
- Traditional and Alternative Medicine
- Used in Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine for hormonal balance and adrenal support.
- Occasionally applied in treatments for skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
- Food Preservation
- Acts as a natural preservative and antioxidant in some food preparations.
- Aromatherapy and Fragrance Industry
- Utilized as a natural aromatic ingredient in perfumes and incense blends.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract
- Common/Trade Name: Liquorice; Licorice
- CAS Number: 84775-65-7 (extract)
- HS Code: 1211.90.00
- Synonyms: Licorice; Sweet root; Glycyrrhiza
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Dried root pieces or powdered extract
- Color & Odor: Yellowish-brown to light brown; characteristic sweet aroma
- Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohols (extract form)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Generally recognized as safe when used appropriately
- Toxicity: Excessive consumption can cause hypertension and hypokalemia due to glycyrrhizin content
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational limits; caution in handling powdered form to avoid dust inhalation
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from moisture and contaminants
- Container Type: Sealed food-grade bags or containers
- Shelf Life: 1-2 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust and prolonged skin contact
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Approved as a food additive and flavoring agent by FDA and EFSA
- Regulated limits on glycyrrhizin content in food and medicinal products to ensure safety
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Fully biodegradable and environmentally safe
- Ecotoxicity: Low aquatic toxicity at typical use levels
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Dust mask and gloves recommended during handling of powder
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid dust generation
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and dry
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Generally safe; avoid excessive intake
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible organic material
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical extinguishers
- Special Precautions: Avoid inhalation of smoke and fumes during fire
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