Magnesium Oxide

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 Magnesium Oxide (MgO) is a white, odorless, alkaline earth metal oxide powder. It is produced by calcining magnesium carbonate or hydroxide at high temperatures, resulting in a fine, white powder with a high melting point. Magnesium Oxide is widely used for its refractory properties, chemical stability, and ability to neutralize acids. It serves important roles in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, environmental applications, and various industrial processes.

Description

Magnesium Oxide

Primary Uses

  1. Pharmaceutical Industry
  • Used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and relieve indigestion, heartburn, and acid reflux.
  • Functions as a laxative in oral medications to treat constipation.
  • Acts as a source of magnesium supplement in dietary formulations.
  1. Refractory and Construction Industry
  • Utilized as a refractory material in furnace linings, kiln construction, and crucibles due to its high melting point and thermal stability.
  • Incorporated in cement and concrete formulations to improve durability and resistance to chemicals.
  1. Agriculture
  • Used as a magnesium supplement in animal feed to improve livestock health and productivity.
  • Acts as a soil conditioner and neutralizer to correct acidic soils, enhancing nutrient availability.
  1. Environmental Applications
  • Employed in wastewater treatment to precipitate heavy metals and neutralize acidic waste streams.
  • Used in flue gas treatment systems to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions.
  1. Chemical Industry
  • Serves as a catalyst and raw material in the production of magnesium chemicals and fertilizers.
  • Acts as a drying agent for gases and liquids due to its hygroscopic nature.

Secondary Uses 

  1. Food Industry
  • Used as a food additive and acidity regulator under regulated conditions.
  1. Cosmetics and Personal Care
  • Included in skincare products as an absorbent and pH adjuster.
  1. Paper and Rubber Industries
  • Used as a filler and anti-caking agent to improve texture and processing characteristics.
KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

  • Chemical Name (IUPAC): Magnesium oxide
  • Common/Trade Name: Magnesium Oxide
  • CAS Number: 1309-48-4
  • HS Code: 2519.90.00
  • Synonyms: Magnesia; MgO; Calcined magnesia; Periclase

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

  • Physical State: Fine white powder
  • Color & Odor: White; odorless
  • Melting Point: 2852 °C
  • Boiling Point: 3600 °C
  • Density: 3.58 g/cm³
  • Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in acids
  • pH (aqueous suspension): Alkaline (~10-12)

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

  • GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under normal use
  • Toxicity: Low toxicity; may cause mild irritation to eyes and respiratory tract
  • Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limit, avoid inhalation of dust

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

  • Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from moisture and acids
  • Container Type: Sealed bags or drums made of plastic or paper-lined materials
  • Shelf Life: Stable for several years if stored properly
  • Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation and inhalation; use PPE as required

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

  • Complies with relevant industrial and pharmaceutical standards where applicable
  • Approved for use in food, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications under regulatory guidelines

6. Environmental & Health Impact

  • Biodegradability: Inorganic compound, not biodegradable but environmentally inert
  • Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic life, avoid large releases in waterways
  • Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
  • Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

  • PPE Required: Dust mask or respirator, gloves, and safety goggles during handling
  • Handling Guidelines: Work in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation of dust and contact with eyes
  • Storage Measures: Keep container tightly closed and dry; store away from acids and moisture

First Aid Measures

  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation or breathing difficulties occur
  • Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
  • Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; consult physician if irritation persists
  • Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if large quantities ingested

Firefighting Measures

  • Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible
  • Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical or CO₂ to extinguish surrounding fires
  • Special Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust generated by firefighting operations
  • Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce magnesium oxide dust and fumes