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Piperazine Citrate BP

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Piperazine Citrate BP is a pharmaceutical-grade anthelmintic compound used primarily for the treatment of intestinal worm infections, especially ascariasis (roundworms) and enterobiasis (pinworms). It works by paralyzing the worms, allowing them to be expelled naturally from the body through bowel movements. Piperazine Citrate is included in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and is known for its safety, efficacy, and wide use in both human and veterinary medicine.

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Description

Primary Uses
Human Pharmaceutical Use

Anthelmintic agent for treatment of:

Enterobiasis (pinworm infection)

Ascariasis (roundworm infection)

Often used in pediatric deworming due to its mild action and safety profile.

Formulated in oral syrups, tablets, and powders for suspension.

Veterinary Medicine

Used in deworming companion animals (dogs, cats) and livestock (pigs, poultry, sheep).

Administered orally in powder or liquid form.

Effective in treating gastrointestinal nematodes in animals.

Public Health and Mass Deworming Programs

Included in school-based deworming initiatives and community health campaigns in endemic areas.

Favored for its affordability and low toxicity.

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

Used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in anthelmintic formulations.

Complies with BP standards ensuring identity, purity, and potency.

 

Secondary Uses
Research & Laboratory Use

Utilized in parasitology studies to understand nematode neuromuscular function.

Serves as a reference standard in drug quality control testing.

Formulation Base

Sometimes used as a base compound for combination therapies with other anthelmintics (e.g., albendazole or mebendazole).

Alternative Deworming in Sensitive Patients

Selected for patients with allergies or contraindications to other deworming agents.

PRODECT KEY FEATURES

Basic Identification Attributes
Chemical Name (IUPAC): Piperazine-1,4-diium citrate

Common/Trade Name: Piperazine Citrate

CAS Number: 144-29-6

HS Code: 2933.59.90 (Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen)

Synonyms: Diacid piperazine salt; Piperazine dihydrogen citrate

 

Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical State: Crystalline powder

Color & Odor: White or almost white; odorless

Solubility: Freely soluble in water; insoluble in alcohol and ether

pH (1% solution): ~4.0–5.0

Molecular Formula: C10H20N2·C6H8O7

Molecular Weight: Approx. 324.34 g/mol

 

Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification: Generally not hazardous under normal use

Toxicity: Low; well-tolerated even in pediatric patients

Overdose Risk: Mild symptoms such as nausea or dizziness if overdosed

Exposure Limits: Not specifically established; handle with care

 

Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, dry place (15–25°C)

Container Type: Sealed pharmaceutical-grade containers or drums

Shelf Life: 2–3 years under recommended conditions

Handling Precautions: Avoid contact with moisture; use gloves and dust mask when handling in bulk

 

Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
Complies with:

British Pharmacopoeia (BP)

WHO Essential Medicines List (for anthelmintics)

GMP standards for pharmaceutical production

Approved for human and veterinary use in many countries

 

Environmental & Health Impact
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable

Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact when used and disposed of properly

Bioaccumulation: Not expected

Allergenic Potential: Very low

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

PPE Required: Gloves, mask, and eye protection when handling large quantities

Handling Guidelines: Minimize dust generation; ensure proper ventilation in bulk processing areas

Storage Measures: Store in a dry, sealed container; protect from light and moisture

 

First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist

Skin Contact: Wash with water and soap; discontinue use if irritation develops

Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical help if discomfort continues

Ingestion (Accidental or Overdose): Drink water; do not induce vomiting; consult a healthcare provider immediately

 

Firefighting Measures
Fire Hazards: Non-flammable

Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, or CO₂

Special Precautions: Avoid inhalation of combustion fumes

Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides in extreme heat

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