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Polydextrose
Polydextrose is a synthetic, highly branched polymer of glucose used primarily as a soluble dietary fiber, bulking agent, and low-calorie sweetener. It is produced through the polycondensation of dextrose with sorbitol and citric acid. Polydextrose offers numerous health and functional benefits, such as improving texture, replacing sugar or fat, and supporting digestive health. It is extensively used in food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals for its fiber enrichment properties and technological versatility.
Polydextrose
Primary Uses
- Food & Beverage Industry
- Used as a low-calorie bulking agent in sugar-reduced and sugar-free foods.
- Common in products like baked goods, cereals, nutrition bars, ice cream, yogurt, confectionery, and chewing gum.
- Adds mouthfeel and body to diet and light products without added calories.
- Replaces sugar, fat, or starch to improve texture and reduce energy density.
- Enhances fiber content in functional food products.
- Dietary Fiber Supplementation
- Serves as a source of soluble fiber, improving digestive health.
- Helps support regular bowel movements and improve intestinal microflora (prebiotic effect).
- Supports weight management by promoting satiety and reducing caloric intake.
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods
- Incorporated into fiber-enriched supplements and meal replacement products.
- Often used in medical nutrition for diabetic, cardiovascular, and weight management diets.
- Beverages
- Added to flavored waters, energy drinks, powdered drink mixes, and meal shakes.
- Maintains clarity in clear beverages while providing body and fiber.
- Bakery and Dairy Products
- Used in cakes, muffins, cookies, and brownies to reduce sugar and fat content.
- Applied in frozen desserts and dairy alternatives to enhance creaminess and stability.
Secondary Uses
- Pharmaceutical Formulations
- Used as an excipient, filler, and bulking agent in sugar-free tablets and syrups.
- Improves palatability and texture of oral medicines.
- Suitable for diabetic-friendly and low-glycemic formulations.
- Cosmetics & Personal Care Products
- Occasionally used as a humectant or viscosity modifier in toothpaste and skincare formulations.
- Provides hydration and smooth feel in topical products.
- Pet Nutrition
- Investigated as a fiber additive in functional pet foods to support digestive health.
- Biotechnology & Research
- Used in laboratory settings for fiber fermentation studies and prebiotic testing.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Polydextrose
- Common/Trade Name: Polydextrose
- CAS Number: 68424-04-4
- HS Code: 3913.90.00 (Polysaccharides and derivatives)
- Synonyms: Soluble fiber; Glucose polymer; Synthetic dietary fiber
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Powder or granules
- Color & Odor: White to off-white; odorless
- Taste: Slightly sweet or neutral
- Solubility: Soluble in water
- pH (10% solution): 2.5–7.0 (depending on grade)
- Caloric Value: ~1 kcal/g
- Molecular Weight: Variable (highly branched polymer)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous
- Toxicity: Non-toxic; generally recognized as safe (GRAS)
- Overconsumption: May cause bloating or laxative effect in high doses
- Allergen Status: Allergen-free; gluten-free; non-GMO versions available
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area
- Container Type: Sealed food-grade polyethylene or paper bags (typically 25kg)
- Shelf Life: 24 months under proper storage
- Handling Precautions: Avoid exposure to moisture; reseal containers after use
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with:
- FDA GRAS status for use as a dietary fiber
- EFSA-approved as a fiber additive in Europe
- Codex Alimentarius food additive standards
- Kosher and Halal certified (select grades)
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low environmental impact
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected
- Allergenic Potential: Minimal to none
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Dust mask and gloves (bulk handling)
- Handling Guidelines:
- Minimize dust during transfer
- Use only in dry processing conditions
- Storage Measures: Seal properly to avoid clumping from moisture absorption
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek help if irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water
- Ingestion (Large amounts): Mild laxative effect may occur; seek medical attention if discomfort persists
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Combustible at high temperatures
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical
- Special Precautions: Avoid dust cloud ignition
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
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