Potassium Iodide

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Potassium Iodide is a white, crystalline inorganic salt that serves as a vital source of iodine. It is widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and industrial fields. Potassium Iodide is highly soluble in water and is used both as a dietary supplement to prevent iodine deficiency and as a protective agent against radioactive iodine exposure. It also finds applications in chemical synthesis and photographic processes.

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Categories: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Nutrient Supplements Tags: Inorganic Iodide Compound, Iodine Salt, KI, Nutritional supplement, Potassium Iodide, White crystalline powder

Description

Table of Contents

Potassium Iodide

Primary Uses

Pharmaceuticals and Medicine

Used as an oral thyroid blocking agent to protect the thyroid gland from radioactive iodine in nuclear emergencies.
Employed in the treatment of iodine deficiency disorders, including goiter and hypothyroidism.
Used as an expectorant in cough medicines and in the treatment of certain fungal infections.
Serves as a reagent in medical diagnostic tests and radiography.

Nutritional Supplements

Added to table salt (iodized salt) to prevent iodine deficiency in populations.
Used in dietary supplements to maintain adequate iodine levels for thyroid health.

Chemical Industry

Used in the synthesis of organic and inorganic iodine compounds.
Acts as a reducing agent and reagent in analytical chemistry.

Photography

Historically used in photographic emulsions and film manufacturing.

Secondary Uses

Water Treatment

Utilized in water purification and disinfection processes.

Laboratory Reagent

Employed as a reagent in various chemical and biological assays.

Animal Feed

Added to animal feeds as a nutritional supplement to ensure adequate iodine intake.

Chemical Indicator

Used in starch-iodine test and other analytical procedures as an indicator.

KEY PRODUCT FEATURES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Potassium iodide
Common/Trade Name: Potassium Iodide
CAS Number: 7681-11-0
HS Code: 2827.39 (Iodides)
Synonyms: KI; iodide of potassium

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: Solid, crystalline powder or granules
Color & Odor: White; odorless
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~144 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Melting Point: 681°C (decomposes)
Density: ~3.12 g/cm³
Stability: Stable under normal conditions; sensitive to light and moisture

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous; may cause mild irritation
Toxicity: Low toxicity at recommended doses; overdose can cause iodine poisoning
Exposure Limits: Follow safety data sheet recommendations; avoid inhalation of dust

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, and dark place in tightly closed containers
Container Type: Glass or plastic containers with airtight seals
Shelf Life: Typically 3–5 years if stored properly
Handling Precautions: Use gloves and dust mask when handling large quantities; avoid moisture and light exposure

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Complies with pharmaceutical and food-grade standards (e.g., USP, FCC)
Approved for use as a dietary supplement and food additive

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Biodegradability: Inorganic salt; environmentally stable
Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic life at typical concentrations
Bioaccumulation: Not significant

SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS

Safety Handling Precautions

PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, and dust mask recommended when handling bulk quantities
Handling Guidelines: Avoid dust formation; use in well-ventilated areas
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and protected from light

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if irritation occurs
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical advice if large quantities ingested

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; potassium iodide itself does not support combustion
Extinguishing Media: Use water, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ as appropriate for surrounding fire
Special Precautions: None specific to potassium iodide
Hazardous Combustion Products: May release iodine vapors under extreme heat