Propyl paraben
Propyl Paraben is a widely used preservative belonging to the paraben family, known for its antimicrobial properties. It is commonly employed to inhibit the growth of bacteria, mold, and yeast in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food products. Propyl Paraben is favored for its effectiveness, low toxicity, and compatibility with a broad range of formulations, helping extend product shelf life while maintaining safety.
Primary Uses
Cosmetics and Personal Care
Used as a preservative in creams, lotions, shampoos, and makeup products to prevent microbial contamination.
Helps maintain product stability and extends shelf life.
Pharmaceuticals
Added to topical and oral pharmaceutical formulations to protect against microbial growth.
Common in ointments, creams, and suspensions.
Food Industry
Utilized as a food preservative, especially in baked goods, beverages, and processed foods to prevent spoilage.
Secondary Uses
Industrial Applications
Employed in industrial products such as adhesives and paints for antimicrobial protection.
Veterinary Products
Used as a preservative in veterinary pharmaceuticals and topical products.
Basic Identification Attributes
Chemical Name (IUPAC): Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Common/Trade Name: Propyl Paraben
CAS Number: 94-13-3
HS Code: 2914.11
Synonyms: Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; E216
Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical State: White crystalline powder
Color & Odor: White; odorless or faint characteristic odor
Melting Point: Approximately 97–102°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, and oils
Safety & Hazard Attributes
GHS Classification: May cause skin irritation; low acute toxicity
Toxicity: Low; generally recognized as safe at recommended concentrations
Exposure Limits: Follow product safety guidelines
Storage & Handling Attributes
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture
Container Type: Sealed plastic or glass containers
Shelf Life: Typically 2–3 years
Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation and inhalation
Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
Approved for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food by regulatory agencies (e.g., FDA, EU)
Compliance with safety standards and labeling regulations
Environmental & Health Impact
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Ecotoxicity: Low; no significant bioaccumulation
Bioaccumulation: Not significant
PPE Required: Gloves and dust mask recommended during handling
Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation and skin contact
Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and protected from moisture
First Aid Measures
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if respiratory symptoms occur
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with water for at least 15 minutes; get medical help if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical attention
Firefighting Measures
Fire Hazards: Combustible solid
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, or COâ‚‚
Special Precautions: Use protective equipment and avoid inhalation of smoke
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon oxides, toxic fumes