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Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) is a white crystalline powder or granule, highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and pH adjuster in various industrial, food, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications. It acts as a source of phosphate ions and helps maintain the stability and consistency of formulations. This chemical is commonly utilized in food processing, water treatment, detergents, and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Primary Uses
- Food Industry
- Used as an acidity regulator and emulsifier in processed foods, cheeses, and bakery products.
- Acts as a leavening agent component in baking powders.
- Serves as a sequestrant and stabilizer to improve texture and shelf life.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Utilized as a buffering agent in intravenous saline solutions and oral rehydration salts.
- Ingredient in laxatives and phosphate supplements.
- Helps maintain pH in pharmaceutical formulations and tablet coatings.
- Water Treatment
- Employed to control pH and prevent scale formation in water systems.
- Used in wastewater treatment processes to remove heavy metals.
- Industrial Applications
- Functions as a dispersing agent and corrosion inhibitor in metal finishing and detergents.
- Acts as a buffering agent in textile and dyeing industries.
- Laboratory & Chemical Synthesis
- Used as a reagent and buffer in analytical chemistry and molecular biology protocols.
- Facilitates phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) preparation.
Secondary Uses
- Agriculture
- Occasionally used in fertilizer formulations to supply phosphorus nutrients.
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Employed in formulations as a pH adjuster and stabilizer in creams and lotions.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
- Common/Trade Name: Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Monobasic Sodium Phosphate
- CAS Number: 7558-80-7
- HS Code: 2835.29
- Synonyms: Monosodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate monobasic
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Solid (powder or granules)
- Color & Odor: White; odorless
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
- Density: Approx. 2.35 g/cm³
- pH (1% aqueous solution): ~4.5
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Generally considered non-hazardous; mild irritant to eyes and skin
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; safe for use in food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade applications
- Exposure Limits: Follow standard occupational exposure limits; avoid dust inhalation
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from moisture and incompatible materials
- Container Type: Supplied in sealed plastic bags or drums
- Shelf Life: Stable under proper storage conditions for several years
- Handling Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust; use protective equipment to prevent eye and skin contact
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry environment
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with food-grade (FCC), pharmaceutical-grade (USP), and reagent-grade standards
- Approved by FDA, EFSA, and other international food and drug safety authorities
- Manufactured according to GMP guidelines
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic life in typical use concentrations
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Protective gloves, safety goggles, and dust mask recommended during handling
- Handling Guidelines: Avoid inhaling dust; ensure good ventilation
- Storage Measures: Store away from strong oxidizers and moisture
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical advice if respiratory irritation occurs
- Skin Contact: Wash affected area with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; seek medical attention if large quantities are ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ as appropriate for surrounding fire
- Special Precautions: None specific to this chemical
- Hazardous Combustion Products: None known
Related products
Blueberry Toppings
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Calcium D-Panthothenate
Calcium D-Panthothenate is the calcium salt of D-pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), appearing as a white or off-white crystalline powder. It is a stable, water-soluble compound widely used as a dietary supplement and pharmaceutical ingredient to supply vitamin B5, essential for coenzyme A synthesis and normal metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Calcium D-Panthothenate supports adrenal function, wound healing, and nervous system health, and is frequently incorporated into multivitamins, nutritional supplements, fortified foods, and topical formulations.
Calcium Gluconate
Calcium Gluconate is a calcium salt of gluconic acid appearing as a white, odorless, crystalline powder or colorless crystals. It is highly soluble in water and commonly used as a calcium supplement in pharmaceuticals and food products. Calcium Gluconate plays a critical role in medicine for treating calcium deficiencies, hypocalcemia, and as an antidote for hydrofluoric acid burns. Its excellent bioavailability makes it a preferred calcium source in oral and intravenous formulations. Additionally, it is utilized in food fortification and cosmetic applications due to its safety and compatibility.
Iodised Salt
Iodised Salt is table salt (sodium chloride) fortified with a small, controlled amount of iodine, typically in the form of potassium iodate or potassium iodide. It appears as fine white crystalline granules, odorless, and with a characteristic salty taste. The addition of iodine helps prevent iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) such as goiter, mental impairment, and developmental abnormalities. Iodised Salt is widely used in households, food processing, and animal nutrition to ensure adequate dietary iodine intake.
Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is a white, odorless, tasteless polysaccharide produced from partial hydrolysis of starch (typically corn, potato, rice, or wheat starch). It consists of short chains of D-glucose units and is classified by its dextrose equivalent (DE), typically ranging from 3 to 20. Maltodextrin is easily digestible, water-soluble, and has a mildly sweet to nearly neutral flavor depending on its DE value. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications as a filler, thickener, bulking agent, and carrier, owing to its excellent functionality and safety.
Polydextrose
Polydextrose is a synthetic, highly branched polymer of glucose used primarily as a soluble dietary fiber, bulking agent, and low-calorie sweetener. It is produced through the polycondensation of dextrose with sorbitol and citric acid. Polydextrose offers numerous health and functional benefits, such as improving texture, replacing sugar or fat, and supporting digestive health. It is extensively used in food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals for its fiber enrichment properties and technological versatility.
Potassium Citrate
Potassium Citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid, appearing as a white, crystalline, water-soluble powder. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and industrial applications due to its buffering, alkalizing, and sequestrant properties. Potassium Citrate helps regulate acidity and provides potassium ions critical for various biochemical and physiological functions.
Potassium Iodide
Potassium Iodide is a white, crystalline inorganic salt that serves as a vital source of iodine. It is widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, nutritional, and industrial fields. Potassium Iodide is highly soluble in water and is used both as a dietary supplement to prevent iodine deficiency and as a protective agent against radioactive iodine exposure. It also finds applications in chemical synthesis and photographic processes.
