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Calcium Hypochlorite (Chlorine)
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Calcium Hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)â‚‚) is a white to slightly yellow crystalline powder or granules known for its strong oxidizing and disinfectant properties. The 65% grade indicates the available chlorine content, making it a powerful bleaching, sanitizing, and oxidizing agent. It is commonly used for water treatment, sanitation, and as a bleaching agent in industrial and household applications. Calcium Hypochlorite dissolves in water to release hypochlorous acid, which effectively kills bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
Description
Primary UsesÂ
- Water Treatment & Disinfection
- Widely used to disinfect drinking water and swimming pools by killing harmful microorganisms.
- Used in wastewater treatment to oxidize contaminants and reduce pathogens.
- Sanitation & Hygiene
- Applied for sanitizing surfaces in hospitals, food processing plants, and public facilities.
- Used for deodorizing and controlling microbial growth in sewage systems.
- Industrial & Household Bleaching
- Acts as a bleaching agent for textiles, paper pulp, and other materials.
- Commonly used in household disinfectants and cleaners.
- Agriculture
- Used to sanitize irrigation water and disinfect equipment.
Secondary UsesÂ
- Odor Control
- Employed in waste management to reduce odors by oxidizing odor-causing compounds.
- Chemical Manufacturing
- Used as an oxidizing agent in various chemical synthesis processes.
- Food Industry
- Occasionally used for washing and disinfecting fruits, vegetables, and food-contact surfaces (regulated use).
PRODUCT KEY FEATURES
Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Calcium hypochlorite
- Common/Trade Name: Calcium Hypochlorite 65%, Bleaching Powder, Chlorinated Lime
- CAS Number: 7778-54-3
- HS Code: 2828.10.00
- Molecular Formula: Ca(ClO)â‚‚
- Synonyms:
- Bleaching powder
- Chlorinated lime
- Calcium oxychloride
- Hypochlorous acid calcium salt
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Granular or powder
- Color & Odor: White to pale yellow; strong chlorine odor
- Melting Point: Decomposes at ~100°C releasing chlorine gas
- Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
- Density: Approx. 2.4 g/cm³
- Solubility: Soluble in water releasing hypochlorous acid and calcium hydroxide
- pH: Strongly alkaline (around pH 11–12 in solution)
- Stability: Sensitive to moisture, heat, and sunlight; decomposes releasing chlorine gas
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- Hazard Class (GHS): Oxidizer, corrosive, irritant
- NFPA Ratings:
- Health: 3
- Flammability: 0
- Reactivity: 3
- Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA limits; avoid inhalation of dust and fumes
- Toxicity: Toxic by ingestion and inhalation; causes severe skin and eye burns
- Reactivity: Reacts violently with acids, organic materials, and reducing agents; releases chlorine gas
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (acids, organic substances)
- Container Type: Sealed, moisture-proof containers (polyethylene drums, lined steel containers)
- Shelf Life: Typically 6–12 months if stored properly in dry conditions
- Special Handling: Use PPE; avoid moisture contact and dust generation; store away from heat and sunlight
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- FDA Status: Approved for use in water disinfection (regulated levels)
- Transportation: Classified as an oxidizing solid (UN 2880 or UN 2014 depending on form)
- Waste Disposal: Dispose according to hazardous chemical waste regulations; neutralize before disposal
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life; avoid environmental release
- Persistence: Decomposes releasing chlorine and calcium salts
- Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic or mutagenic
- Biodegradability: Not biodegradable; decomposes chemically
SAFETY HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
- Chemical-resistant gloves
- Safety goggles or face shield
- Respirator or dust mask (for dust/fume)
- Protective clothing
Handling Measures:
- Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and skin or eye contact
- Handle in well-ventilated areas
- Avoid contact with moisture, acids, and organic materials
Storage Measures:
- Keep containers tightly sealed and dry
- Store away from incompatible materials and sources of heat
Hygiene Practices:
- Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling
- Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur
- Skin Contact: Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention
- Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; seek urgent medical care
- Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek immediate medical attention
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but strong oxidizer; may intensify fire of combustible materials
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, fog, or foam; do NOT use dry chemical or COâ‚‚ alone
- Special Precautions: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and SCBA
- Decomposition Products: May release toxic chlorine gas and calcium oxides under fire conditions
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