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Sodium Acetate Trihydrate
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate is a white crystalline solid that is the hydrated form of sodium acetate. It is highly soluble in water and has a mildly alkaline pH in solution. Widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries, sodium acetate trihydrate serves as a buffering agent, pH regulator, and preservative. Its ability to stabilize pH and act as a neutralizing agent makes it valuable in various industrial and laboratory applications. Additionally, it is used for heat packs due to its exothermic crystallization properties.
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate
Primary Uses
- Food Industry
- Acts as a food additive (E262) used as a flavoring agent and preservative in snack foods, condiments, and pickled products.
- Serves as an acidity regulator to maintain pH stability in processed foods and beverages.
- Pharmaceuticals
- Used as a buffering agent in pharmaceutical formulations to stabilize pH.
- Employed in oral rehydration solutions and intravenous fluids as a sodium source and pH balancer.
- Chemical Industry
- Functions as a buffering agent in chemical processes and analytical laboratories.
- Used as a neutralizing agent in textile dyeing and printing to control pH during processing.
- Heating Pads and Hand Warmers
- Utilized in reusable heat packs and hand warmers due to its exothermic crystallization from supersaturated solutions.
- Laboratory and Analytical Applications
- Used as a buffer in electrophoresis, chromatography, and various biochemical assays.
Secondary Uses
- Leather Industry
- Employed in tanning processes to adjust pH and improve product quality.
- Concrete Sealing and Corrosion Control
- Used in certain concrete admixtures to improve curing and prevent corrosion.
- Textile Industry
- Applied in printing pastes and finishing to maintain alkaline conditions.
- Cosmetics
- Occasionally used in cosmetic formulations as a pH adjuster and buffering agent.
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): Sodium acetate trihydrate
- Common/Trade Name: Sodium Acetate Trihydrate
- CAS Number: 6131-90-4
- HS Code: 29152900
- Synonyms: Acetic acid sodium salt trihydrate, Sodium ethanoate trihydrate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Crystalline solid
- Color & Odor: White crystals; slight vinegar-like odor possible
- Melting Point: Approx. 58°C (dehydrates)
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water (~76 g/100 mL at 20°C)
- pH (1% aqueous solution): 8.5–9.0 (alkaline)
- Density: Approx. 1.45 g/cm³
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification: Generally regarded as non-hazardous; may cause mild skin or eye irritation
- Toxicity: Low toxicity; ingestion in large quantities may cause gastrointestinal upset
- Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits; follow general safety practices
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and incompatible materials
- Container Type: Supplied in sealed polyethylene or kraft paper bags
- Shelf Life: Stable for 2–3 years if stored properly
- Handling Precautions: Avoid dust generation; use gloves and eye protection when handling powder
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with food-grade standards where applicable (FCC)
- Meets pharmaceutical and chemical industry purity requirements
- Complies with relevant environmental and safety regulations (REACH, OSHA)
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable and environmentally benign
- Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms at typical use concentrations
- Bioaccumulation: Not significant
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required: Gloves, goggles, and dust mask recommended when handling powder
- Handling Guidelines: Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhaling dust and direct contact with eyes and skin
- Storage Measures: Keep containers tightly closed and stored in a dry environment
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur
- Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops
- Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting; seek medical help if large amounts ingested
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable and non-combustible
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ for surrounding fires
- Special Precautions: Wear protective equipment and self-contained breathing apparatus if exposure to decomposition products occurs
- Hazardous Combustion Products: May emit sodium oxides and acetic acid vapors on decomposition
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Cream of Tartar
Cream of Tartar, chemically known as Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate (KC4H5O6), is a fine, white, acidic powder that is a byproduct of winemaking. It is a natural crystalline acid salt obtained from tartaric acid during the fermentation of grapes. This odorless and tasteless powder is widely used in culinary, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications due to its stabilizing, acidifying, and leavening properties. Cream of Tartar is valued for its ability to stabilize egg whites, prevent sugar crystallization, and act as an acidulant in various formulations.
Formic Acid
Formic Acid (methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid, typically supplied as an 85% aqueous solution. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, penetrating odor and strong acidic properties. Formic Acid naturally occurs in insect stings and plant secretions and is widely used in chemical synthesis, agriculture, textile, leather, and rubber industries. The 85% solution balances potency and safe handling for industrial applications. It serves as a preservative, antibacterial agent, and intermediate chemical in numerous manufacturing processes.
Phosphoric Acid Food Grade
Phosphoric Acid Food Grade is a highly concentrated, colorless, odorless liquid acid used extensively in the food and beverage industry. It acts as an acidulant, flavoring agent, and preservative, approved for direct use in food processing. This grade meets strict purity standards suitable for consumption and is widely employed to control pH, add tanginess, and extend shelf life. It is also used in other industries requiring high-purity phosphoric acid.
Potassium Sorbate FCC
Potassium Sorbate FCC (Food Chemical Codex) is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, a white crystalline powder widely used as a food preservative. It effectively inhibits the growth of molds, yeasts, and some bacteria, thus extending the shelf life of various food and beverage products. Known for its low toxicity and minimal impact on flavor, Potassium Sorbate is a preferred preservative in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
Propylparaben (Prop BH)
Prop BH, also known as Propylparaben or Propyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate, is an organic compound belonging to the paraben family of preservatives. It appears as colorless small crystals or a white crystalline powder with a characteristic mild odor and a slightly bitter taste. The compound is practically insoluble in cold water but readily soluble in alcohols, ethers, and other organic solvents. Propylparaben is widely recognized for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, particularly effective against molds, yeasts, and bacteria. Propylparaben is manufactured for use as a preservative in various industrial applications and is not intended for direct human consumption without appropriate certification.
Sodium Benzoate
Sodium Benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, appearing as a white, crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a preservative due to its antimicrobial properties, especially effective against yeast and bacteria in acidic conditions. Sodium Benzoate is commonly employed in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries to extend shelf life and maintain product quality. It meets food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade purity standards, ensuring safety for consumption and topical use.
