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Miconazole Nitrate BP
Miconazole Nitrate BP is a high-purity, pharmaceutical-grade antifungal agent conforming to British Pharmacopoeia (BP) specifications. It is widely used in the formulation of topical and oral pharmaceutical products for the treatment of fungal infections caused by dermatophytes and yeasts, including Candida species. Miconazole Nitrate functions by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes, leading to cell death.
This white to off-white crystalline powder is highly effective and exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal and some antibacterial activity. It is commonly utilized in creams, ointments, powders, and gel formulations.
Miconazole Nitrate BP
Primary UsesÂ
- Antiprotozoal Therapy
- Treatment of amoebiasis (intestinal and hepatic).
- Management of giardiasis (Giardia lamblia infections).
- Used in trichomoniasis (vaginal and urethral infections).
- Antibacterial Therapy
- Active against anaerobic bacteria (e.g., Bacteroides, Clostridium).
- Used in bacterial vaginosis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
- Prophylaxis in colorectal and gynecological surgeries.
- Helicobacter pylori Eradication
- Part of triple/quadruple therapy for peptic ulcers.
Secondary UsesÂ
- Veterinary Medicine
- Treatment of anaerobic infections in dogs and cats.
- Used in fish farming to control protozoan parasites.
- Dermatology
- Topical formulations for rosacea and acneiform eruptions.
- Dental Infections
- Adjunct therapy for acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG).
1. Basic Identification Attributes
- Chemical Name (IUPAC): 2-Methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol benzoate
- Common/Trade Name: Metronidazole Benzoate BP
- CAS Number: 13182-89-3
- HS Code: 2933.29.90 (Other heterocyclic compounds)
- Synonyms: Metronidazole benzoate ester; Flagyl benzoate
2. Physical & Chemical Properties
- Physical State: White to pale yellow crystalline powder
- Color & Odor: Odorless or faint characteristic odor
- Melting Point: ~98–102°C
- Solubility:
- Slightly soluble in water
- Freely soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform
- pH: Neutral (~6.0–7.5 in suspension)
3. Safety & Hazard Attributes
- GHS Classification:
- H302 (Harmful if swallowed)
- H315 (Causes skin irritation)
- H319 (Causes serious eye irritation)
- H335 (May cause respiratory irritation)
- Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; avoid prolonged exposure
- Exposure Limits: No specific OEL; handle as pharmaceutical powder
4. Storage & Handling Attributes
- Storage Conditions:
- Store in tightly sealed containers at ≤25°C.
- Protect from light and moisture.
- Container Type: Amber glass or HDPE containers.
- Shelf Life: Typically 24–36 months if stored properly.
- Handling Precautions:
- Use gloves, mask, and goggles.
- Avoid dust formation.
5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes
- Complies with:
- British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards.
- USP/NF (if applicable for formulations).
- ICH Q7 (GMP for APIs).
- Regulatory Status:
- Prescription-only drug in most countries.
6. Environmental & Health Impact
- Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable.
- Ecotoxicity: Low risk; no significant bioaccumulation.
- Carcinogenicity/Mutagenicity:
- Not classified (metronidazole is a possible carcinogen with chronic exposure).
Safety Handling Precautions
- PPE Required:
- Nitrile gloves, dust mask, lab coat, safety goggles.
- Handling Guidelines:
- Use in well-ventilated areas.
- Avoid contact with skin/eyes.
- Storage Measures:
- Keep away from strong oxidizers.
First Aid Measures
- Inhalation: Move to fresh air; seek medical help if irritation persists.
- Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing.
- Eye Contact: Rinse with water for 15 mins; consult ophthalmologist.
- Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do NOT induce vomiting; seek medical attention.
Firefighting Measures
- Fire Hazards: Non-flammable but may decompose at high temperatures.
- Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, COâ‚‚, or dry chemical.
- Hazardous Combustion Products: Nitrogen oxides (NOx), CO, COâ‚‚.
Related products
Cetirizine Dihydrochloride
Cetirizine Dihydrochloride is a second-generation antihistamine widely used to relieve allergy symptoms such as hay fever, urticaria (hives), and other allergic conditions. It is the dihydrochloride salt form of cetirizine, presenting as a white to off-white crystalline powder that is odorless or nearly odorless and slightly bitter in taste. Cetirizine Dihydrochloride acts as a selective antagonist of peripheral H1 histamine receptors, preventing the effects of histamine and thereby reducing allergic symptoms without causing significant sedation. It is a commonly prescribed active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in oral tablets, syrups, and capsules.
Chloramphenicol Palmitate Micronised
Chloramphenicol Palmitate Micronised is a micronized, lipophilic ester derivative of chloramphenicol, designed for improved solubility and bioavailability compared to the parent drug. It appears as a fine, white to off-white powder with enhanced surface area due to micronization. This antibiotic is widely used for oral formulations, particularly pediatric suspensions, due to its palatability and controlled release properties. Chloramphenicol Palmitate exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its ester form offers better stability and reduced bitterness, making it a preferred choice in pharmaceutical preparations.
Doxycycline Hyclate BP
Doxycycline Hyclate BP is a broad-spectrum, semisynthetic tetracycline-class antibiotic available as the hemihydrate salt form of doxycycline. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations due to its high bioavailability, broad antibacterial activity, and favorable pharmacokinetic profile. The compound exhibits bacteriostatic action by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria, making it effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms as well as atypical pathogens. It is typically supplied as a fine, white to off-white crystalline powder soluble in water and suitable for oral and parenteral dosage forms.
Gentamycin Sulphate
Gentamycin Sulphate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Micromonospora purpurea and Micromonospora griseorubida. It appears as a white or off-white crystalline powder, highly soluble in water, with a characteristic aminoglycoside odor. Gentamycin Sulphate is widely used in human and veterinary medicine for its broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against aerobic Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis through binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, leading to bacterial cell death. Due to its effectiveness against severe infections and multi-drug resistant strains, it is an essential antibiotic in clinical settings.
Guaiphenesin BP
Guaiphenesin BP is a white crystalline powder or granules with a faint characteristic odor, classified as an expectorant used primarily in pharmaceutical formulations to relieve chest congestion. It works by loosening and thinning mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear from the respiratory tract. It is widely utilized in cough syrups, tablets, and cold remedies. Recognized for its mucolytic and muscle-relaxant properties, Guaiphenesin is included in both prescription and over-the-counter medications worldwide.
Methyl Salicylate BP
Methyl Salicylate BP is a clear, colorless to pale yellow oily liquid with a characteristic strong, sweet, and minty odor. It is an organic ester commonly used for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and flavoring properties. Methyl Salicylate is widely used in pharmaceutical preparations, topical pain relief products, cosmetics, and as a fragrance ingredient.
Neomycin Sulphate BP Oral
Neomycin Sulphate BP Oral is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae. It is used primarily for treating infections caused by susceptible aerobic gram-negative and some gram-positive bacteria. The oral form is especially utilized for intestinal antisepsis, to reduce bacterial flora before gastrointestinal surgery, or to treat hepatic encephalopathy by decreasing ammonia-producing bacteria in the gut. It is available in powder or tablet form conforming to British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards, ensuring high purity and efficacy.
Piperazine Citrate BP
Piperazine Citrate BP is a pharmaceutical-grade anthelmintic compound used primarily for the treatment of intestinal worm infections, especially ascariasis (roundworms) and enterobiasis (pinworms). It works by paralyzing the worms, allowing them to be expelled naturally from the body through bowel movements. Piperazine Citrate is included in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and is known for its safety, efficacy, and wide use in both human and veterinary medicine.
