Ammonia Acetate

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Ammonium Acetate (NH4CH3COO) is a white crystalline solid or granular powder with a mild ammoniacal odor. It is a salt formed from ammonia and acetic acid, widely used in laboratories, industrial processes, and some niche food and pharmaceutical applications. Ammonium Acetate is highly soluble in water and often utilized as a buffer solution in biochemical and analytical chemistry due to its ability to maintain pH. It also serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various chemicals and acts as a neutralizing agent in several industrial applications.

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Categories: Excipients, pH Adjusters Tags: Ammonium acetate, Buffering agent, Inorganic salt, Pharmaceutical intermediate, Water treatment chemical

Description

Table of Contents

Primary Uses

Chemical & Industrial Applications

Used as a buffering agent in biochemical, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry to maintain stable pH environments, especially in protein purification and DNA extraction processes.
Employed as a reagent and catalyst in organic synthesis, including the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes.
Acts as a neutralizing agent in textile printing and dyeing industries to adjust pH and improve color fastness.
Utilized in the production of cellulose acetate membranes and plastics.

Laboratory & Analytical Uses

Serves as a volatile buffer in mass spectrometry and chromatography, allowing sample desalting without salt residue interference.
Used in electrophoresis buffers for protein and nucleic acid separation.
Involved in buffer solutions for gel electrophoresis and nucleic acid hybridization techniques.

Secondary Uses

Food Industry

Occasionally used as a food additive or preservative (E262) in some countries, although limited due to ammonium odor and taste.
Sometimes used in baking powder formulations as a leavening agent.

Pharmaceutical Industry

Used as a component in certain pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering or stabilizing agent.

Agriculture

Occasionally applied in fertilizers or as a nitrogen source supplement in specialized applications.

PRODUCT KEY ATTRIBUTES

1. Basic Identification Attributes

Chemical Name (IUPAC): Ammonium Acetate
Common/Trade Names: Ammonium Acetate
CAS Number: 631-61-8
HS Code: 2921.29.00
Molecular Formula: C2H7NO2
Synonyms: Acetic acid ammonium salt, Ethanoic acid ammonium salt

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical State: White crystalline solid or granular powder
Color & Odor: White, with mild ammoniacal odor
Melting Point: 114°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Density: ~1.17 g/cm³
Solubility: Highly soluble in water (108 g/100 mL at 0 °C), slightly soluble in ethanol
pH Level: Slightly basic to neutral in aqueous solution (pH ~7–8)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Autoignition Temperature: N/A

3. Safety & Hazard Attributes

Hazard Class (GHS): Generally regarded as low hazard; may cause irritation to eyes, skin, or respiratory tract
NFPA Ratings: Health 1, Flammability 0, Reactivity 1
Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA PEL; standard good industrial hygiene practices recommended
Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; decomposes at high temperature releasing ammonia and acetic acid vapors
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acids, and bases

4. Storage & Handling Attributes

Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances
Container Type: Sealed plastic or glass containers preferred
Shelf Life: Typically 2-3 years if stored properly
Special Handling: Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors; use personal protective equipment (PPE)

5. Regulatory & Compliance Attributes

Regulatory Status: Not a controlled substance; approved for laboratory and industrial use
Transportation: Not classified as hazardous under most transport regulations
Waste Disposal: Dispose in accordance with local regulations; generally considered non-hazardous waste

6. Environmental & Health Impact

Ecotoxicity: Low toxicity to aquatic organisms
Persistence: Biodegradable under natural environmental conditions
Carcinogenicity: No evidence of carcinogenicity
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable

SAFETY HANDLING

PPE: Wear gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing to avoid skin and eye contact. Use dust mask or respirator when handling powder to prevent inhalation.
Handling: Avoid creating dust and ensure adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat and incompatible materials.
Storage: Store tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if breathing difficulties occur.
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for 15 minutes; get medical attention if irritation continues.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention immediately.

Firefighting Measures

Fire Hazards: Non-flammable; may decompose at high temperatures releasing ammonia and acetic acid vapors which are irritating and toxic.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, or CO₂.
Precautions: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus due to toxic fumes risk. Cool containers with water spray to prevent rupture.