Agricultural fertilizers are natural or synthetic substances added to soil or plants to provide essential nutrients that promote healthy growth and increase crop yields. They primarily supply nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), along with secondary nutrients like calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.
Ammonia solution
Ammonia solutions, often referred to as aqueous ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, are clear, colorless liquids consisting of ammonia gas dissolved in water. The concentration of ammonia in these solutions typically ranges from 5% to 35% by weight. Ammonia solutions possess a pungent odor characteristic of ammonia gas and are alkaline with a pH typically between 11 and 12.5. This solution is widely used across various industries due to its excellent cleaning properties, reactivity, and role as a nitrogen source.
Ammonium Acetate
Ammonium acetate is a white crystalline solid or granular powder that is highly soluble in water. It is the ammonium salt of acetic acid and commonly appears as a colorless, odorless compound. Ammonium acetate is widely used in laboratories, chemical synthesis, food industry, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications due to its buffering capacity and ability to provide both ammonium and acetate ions in solution. It functions as a neutral salt and is valued for its role as a pH buffer, reagent, and stabilizer.
Ammonium Sulphate
Ammonium Sulphate is an inorganic salt with the formula (NH₄)₂SO₄. It appears as a white crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, and is widely used as a fertilizer due to its high nitrogen and sulfur content. Besides agriculture, ammonium sulphate finds extensive use in industrial processes, food additives, pharmaceutical applications, and water treatment. It acts as a soil amendment to improve nitrogen levels and acidity, a flocculating agent in water purification, and a stabilizer or precipitant in biochemical and pharmaceutical formulations.
Calcium Chloride
Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt composed of calcium and chlorine with the chemical formula CaCl₂. It typically appears as a white crystalline solid or granular powder, highly soluble in water and exhibiting strong hygroscopic properties. Calcium Chloride is widely used for its moisture-absorbing ability, de-icing, dust control, and as a firming agent in food processing. It finds extensive applications across industrial, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors due to its efficacy in modifying physical and chemical properties of products and environments.
Calcium Chloride Dihydrate
Calcium Chloride Dihydrate (CaCl₂·2H₂O) is a hydrated form of calcium chloride, appearing as white crystalline granules or flakes containing two molecules of water of crystallization. It is highly soluble in water and exhibits strong hygroscopic and deliquescent properties. This compound is widely used in industrial, pharmaceutical, food, and agricultural sectors due to its moisture absorption, de-icing, dust control, and calcium supplementation capabilities. Compared to anhydrous calcium chloride, the dihydrate form has lower hygroscopicity but is easier to handle and store.
Calcium Nitrate
Calcium Nitrate is a highly soluble, white crystalline salt composed of calcium and nitrate ions. It is commonly available as a tetrahydrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O). Known for its excellent solubility in water, calcium nitrate is widely used as a fertilizer providing both calcium and nitrogen to plants. It improves soil structure, enhances nutrient uptake, and prevents disorders such as blossom-end rot in fruits. Beyond agriculture, calcium nitrate serves in wastewater treatment, concrete acceleration, and industrial chemical processes.
Calcium Nitrite
Calcium Nitrite is an inorganic compound commonly supplied as a white crystalline powder or granules. It serves primarily as a corrosion inhibitor in reinforced concrete structures, protecting steel reinforcement from rust and prolonging structural lifespan. Calcium nitrite is also used in various industrial processes as an oxidizing agent and preservative. Due to its high solubility in water and strong oxidizing properties, it effectively prevents chloride-induced corrosion and improves concrete durability.
Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate
Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O) is a bright blue crystalline solid widely used as a chemical reagent, agricultural fungicide, and analytical reagent. It consists of copper, sulfur, oxygen, and water molecules, forming a distinctive pentahydrate structure. This inorganic salt is highly soluble in water, exhibiting antifungal, algaecidal, and bactericidal properties. Copper Sulphate Pentahydrate is extensively employed in agriculture, industry, and laboratory applications due to its effectiveness, affordability, and well-understood chemistry.
Cupric Sulphate Anhydrous
Cupric Sulphate Anhydrous (Copper(II) sulfate, anhydrous form) is a blue to green crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. It is an inorganic compound consisting of copper, sulfur, and oxygen with the formula CuSO₄. Unlike its hydrated counterpart (CuSO₄·5H₂O), the anhydrous form contains no water molecules. It is widely used in agriculture, industry, and chemical manufacturing due to its fungicidal, algicidal, and chemical reactivity properties. The compound serves as a precursor to many copper salts and catalysts.
Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate
Cupric Sulphate Pentahydrate (Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate) is a bright blue crystalline solid with the chemical formula CuSO₄·5H₂O. It is the hydrated form of copper sulfate and is highly soluble in water. This compound is widely used in agriculture, chemical manufacturing, and laboratory applications due to its fungicidal, algicidal, and micronutrient properties. The pentahydrate form is the most common and commercially available, known for its vivid blue color and versatile reactivity.
Diammonium Phosphate
Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) is a highly water-soluble, white crystalline fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorus. It is one of the most widely used phosphate fertilizers globally, providing a balanced source of nutrients essential for plant growth. DAP supplies ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺) and phosphate (PO₄³⁻), which promote vigorous root development, improve soil fertility, and enhance crop yield and quality. Besides agriculture, DAP serves important roles in food additives, fire retardants, and industrial applications. It’s favored for its high nutrient content, ease of application, and compatibility with other fertilizers and soil amendments.
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate
Ferrous Sulphate Heptahydrate, also known as iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate, is a pale green crystalline solid containing seven molecules of water of crystallization (FeSO₄·7H₂O). It is a widely used inorganic iron compound characterized by its high iron content (approximately 20% Fe) and good solubility in water. This hydrated salt is commonly used in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and various industrial processes. The heptahydrate form is preferred for many applications due to its stability, ease of handling, and cost-effectiveness.
Magnesium Chloride
Magnesium Chloride is a white crystalline salt or granular solid composed of magnesium and chloride ions, commonly found as the hexahydrate form (MgCl₂·6H₂O). It is highly soluble in water, forming a clear, colorless solution with a slightly bitter saline taste. Magnesium Chloride is valued for its hygroscopic properties and is widely used across multiple industries including de-icing, chemical manufacturing, agriculture, food, pharmaceutical, and textile applications. It acts as a source of magnesium, a vital mineral for various biological and industrial processes.
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) is a white crystalline powder or granule, highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and pH adjuster in various industrial, food, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications. It acts as a source of phosphate ions and helps maintain the stability and consistency of formulations. This chemical is commonly utilized in food processing, water treatment, detergents, and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.