Preservatives(food)
Flavor Enhancers
Acidulants
Sweeteners
Antioxidants
Colorants(food)
Nutraceutical Ingredients (food)
Nutrient Supplements
Emulsifiers
Collectors
Dust Suppressants
Explosives and Blasting Agents
Flocculants and Coagulants
Frothers
Leaching Agents
pH Modifiers
Precious Metal Extraction Agents
Antioxidants(plastic)
Colorants (Pigments, Dyes)
Fillers and Reinforcements
Flame Retardants
Monomers
Plasticizers
Polymerization Initiators
Stabilizers (UV, Heat)
Antifoaming Agents
Chelating Agents
Coagulants and Flocculants
Corrosion Inhibitors
Disinfectants and Biocides
Oxidizing Agents
pH Adjusters
Scale Inhibitors( water)
Antioxidants(cosmetic)
Emollients
Fragrances and Essential Oils
Humectants
Preservatives
Surfactants(cosmetic)
Thickeners
UV Filters
Fertilizers
Soil Conditioners
Plant Growth Regulators
Animal Feed Additives
Biostimulants
Pesticides (Herbicides, Insecticides, Fungicides)
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
Excipients
Solvents(pharmaceutical)
Antibiotics
Antiseptics and Disinfectants
Vaccine Adjuvants
Nutraceutical Ingredients (pharmaceutical)
Analgesics & Antipyretics
Analytical Reagents
Solvents(lab)
Chromatography Chemicals
Spectroscopy Reagents
microbiology-and-cell-culture-reagents
Molecular Biology Reagents
Biochemical Reagents
Inorganic and Organic Standards
Laboratory Safety Chemicals
Specialty Laboratory Chemicals(Special Laboratory Equipment)
Demulsifiers
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids
Scale Inhibitors(oil)
Surfactants(oil)
Drilling Fluids
Dyes and Pigments
Bleaching Agents
Softening Agents
Finishing Agents
Antistatic Agents
Admixtures
Waterproofing Agents
Sealants and Adhesives
Curing Compounds
Concrete Repair Chemicals
Anti-Corrosion Coatings
Surfactants(cleaning)
Builders
Enzymes
Solvents (Cleaning)
Fragrances
Electronic Chemicals
Catalysts
Lubricants
Photographic Chemicals
Refrigerants
Automotive chemicals
Pyrotechnic Chemicals
Biodegradable Surfactants
Bio-based Solvents
Renewable Polymers
Carbon Capture Chemicals
Wastewater Treatment Chemicals
Pigments
Solvents(paint)
Specialty Coatings
Binders/Resins
Additives
Driers
Anti-Corrosion Agents
Functional Coatings
Application-Specific Coatings
Fresh Herbs
Ground Spices
Whole Spices
Spice Blends
Dried Herbs
Leavening Agents
Dough Conditioners
Flour Treatments
Fat Replacers
Decoratives
Preservatives(baking)
Plasticizers & Softeners
Reinforcing Agents
Adhesion Promoters
Vulcanizing Agents
Antidegradants
Blowing Agents
Fillers & Extenders
Accelerators & Retarders
Aspartame FCC IV 100 Mesh
Aspartame FCC IV 100 Mesh is a high-purity, fine crystalline powder form of aspartame, meeting Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) grade IV specifications, and ground to a 100 mesh particle size. This fine particle size improves its solubility and dispersibility in beverages and other formulations. Aspartame is an intense artificial sweetener approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose. It is widely used as a low-calorie sugar substitute in various food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. This form is preferred for applications requiring rapid dissolution and uniform sweetness.
Dextrose Anhydrous BP Injectable
Dextrose Anhydrous BP Injectable is a sterile, highly purified crystalline form of glucose that serves as a critical energy source in intravenous therapy. It is widely used in parenteral nutrition, rehydration, and hypoglycemia management. The anhydrous form contains no water, allowing precise control of concentration in injectable solutions. Meeting British Pharmacopoeia (BP) standards, it ensures pharmaceutical-grade purity and sterility, suitable for direct injection or as a component in compounded IV fluids. It provides readily available carbohydrates metabolized to supply energy, regulate osmolarity, and maintain fluid-electrolyte balance in clinical care.
Dextrose Monohydrate
Dextrose Monohydrate is a crystalline form of glucose containing one molecule of water (monohydrate). It is a primary carbohydrate source widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and clinical nutrition applications. It provides readily available energy, serves as a sweetening agent, and acts as an osmotic agent in formulations. Dextrose Monohydrate meets pharmacopoeial standards (such as BP, USP) ensuring high purity, consistency, and safety for use in medical and food-grade products. Its solubility and stable crystalline form make it suitable for intravenous fluids, oral rehydration solutions, and food industry applications.
Dicalcium Phosphate
Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP) is an inorganic compound commonly used as a dietary supplement, food additive, and a key raw material in pharmaceuticals and animal nutrition. It appears as a white crystalline powder or granules and provides a highly bioavailable source of calcium and phosphorus, essential minerals for bone health, metabolic functions, and overall growth. DCP is widely used in the feed industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food processing, and various industrial applications, appreciated for its purity, stability, and nutritional value.
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate
Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCP Dihydrate) is an odorless, white crystalline powder or granule composed of calcium and phosphate in a hydrated form. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, animal feed, and industrial sectors. It serves as a calcium and phosphorus supplement, excipient, and abrasive agent, valued for its stability, bioavailability, and neutral taste. DCP Dihydrate complies with various pharmacopeial standards (e.g., USP, BP, FCC) depending on the grade.
Dill Seed Oil Terpeneless
Dill Seed Oil Terpeneless is a refined essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the seeds of Anethum graveolens, with terpenes removed to reduce its sharpness and volatility. It has a mild, sweet, herbaceous aroma with faint spicy undertones. This oil is prized for its improved stability, softer fragrance profile, and enhanced suitability in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and cleaning applications. Traditionally used for digestive support and antimicrobial properties, dill seed oil terpeneless is incorporated in natural personal care products, aromatherapy, and household formulations.
Ethylvanillin
Ethylvanillin (3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) is a synthetic aromatic aldehyde widely used as a flavoring agent and fragrance ingredient. It is a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a strong, sweet vanilla-like odor, but more intense than natural vanillin. Ethylvanillin offers excellent flavor stability, solubility in alcohol and oils, and is valued for its enhanced vanilla aroma in food, beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical formulations. Due to its potent scent and flavor profile, it is a preferred substitute or complement to natural vanilla extract.
Lactose Monohydrate 200 Mesh
Lactose Monohydrate 200 Mesh is a fine, white, crystalline powder derived from milk sugar with a particle size of 200 mesh, indicating very fine granules. It is widely used in pharmaceutical, food, and confectionery industries as a filler, binder, and stabilizer. Lactose Monohydrate is valued for its excellent compressibility, low hygroscopicity, and compatibility with many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The monohydrate form contains one molecule of water, enhancing its stability and flow properties.
Potassium Metabisulphite Food Grade
Potassium Metabisulphite (Food Grade) is a white crystalline powder with strong antioxidant and preservative properties. It is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a disinfectant, antioxidant, and preservative to prevent spoilage and microbial growth. It also acts as a bleaching agent and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) source. This compound is critical in winemaking, brewing, and food processing to maintain product quality and extend shelf life.
Shellac
Shellac is a natural resin secreted by the lac insect, primarily found in South Asia. It is processed into flakes or powder form and dissolved in alcohol to create a versatile film-forming agent. Shellac provides excellent adhesion, gloss, and moisture resistance, making it widely used as a wood finish, food glaze, and pharmaceutical coating. It is valued for its natural origin, biodegradability, and safe use in food and cosmetic applications.
Silicon Dioxide
Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂), commonly known as silica, is a naturally occurring inorganic compound found abundantly in the Earth’s crust. In its refined, powdered form, it is used as an anti-caking agent, filler, absorbent, and thickener across a wide range of industries. It is odorless, tasteless, chemically inert, and stable under normal conditions. Packaged in 10kg units, silicon dioxide is highly versatile and widely accepted for use in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications.
Silk Proteins
Silk Proteins are hydrolyzed proteins derived from natural silk fibers, typically composed of fibroin and sericin. They are water-soluble, bioactive compounds known for their excellent film-forming, moisture-retaining, and conditioning properties. Silk proteins are widely used in cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and textiles due to their biocompatibility, smooth texture, and ability to penetrate and protect surfaces like skin, hair, and fabric.
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate
Sodium Acetate Trihydrate is a white crystalline solid that is the hydrated form of sodium acetate. It is highly soluble in water and has a mildly alkaline pH in solution. Widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food, and textile industries, sodium acetate trihydrate serves as a buffering agent, pH regulator, and preservative. Its ability to stabilize pH and act as a neutralizing agent makes it valuable in various industrial and laboratory applications. Additionally, it is used for heat packs due to its exothermic crystallization properties.
Sodium Aliginate
Sodium Alginate is a natural polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweed. It appears as a white to yellowish powder that is odorless and tasteless. It is highly soluble in cold water, forming viscous solutions and gels. Sodium alginate is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries due to its excellent thickening, gelling, stabilizing, and film-forming properties. It acts as a natural hydrocolloid and is valued for its biocompatibility and biodegradability.
Sodium Benzoate
Sodium Benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, appearing as a white, crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a preservative due to its antimicrobial properties, especially effective against yeast and bacteria in acidic conditions. Sodium Benzoate is commonly employed in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries to extend shelf life and maintain product quality. It meets food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade purity standards, ensuring safety for consumption and topical use.
Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate, commonly known as Baking Soda, is a white crystalline powder with a mildly alkaline taste. It is widely used across multiple industries for its excellent buffering, neutralizing, and leavening properties. This compound is safe for food applications and also finds uses in pharmaceuticals, cleaning, and industrial processes. Its ability to react with acids releasing carbon dioxide makes it essential for baking and other chemical applications.
Sodium Citrate
Sodium Citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid, available as a white, crystalline powder or granules. It functions primarily as a buffering agent, acidity regulator, and sequestrant in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications. It helps maintain pH stability, enhances flavor, and prevents metal ion-induced spoilage. The 25kg packaging is typical for bulk industrial or food processing use.
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate
Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) is a white crystalline powder or granule, highly soluble in water. It is widely used as a buffering agent, emulsifier, and pH adjuster in various industrial, food, pharmaceutical, and laboratory applications. It acts as a source of phosphate ions and helps maintain the stability and consistency of formulations. This chemical is commonly utilized in food processing, water treatment, detergents, and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.
Sodium Gluconate
Sodium Gluconate is a white, crystalline powder derived from gluconic acid and sodium salt. It is highly water-soluble, biodegradable, and non-toxic, widely used as a chelating agent, sequestrant, and buffering agent across various industries. Sodium Gluconate is favored for its excellent ability to bind metal ions, improve cleaning efficiency, and stabilize formulations. It finds extensive applications in construction, water treatment, food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and textiles.
Sodium Hexametaphosphate Food Grade
Sodium Hexametaphosphate Food Grade is a white, granular or powdery inorganic compound composed of sodium and metaphosphoric acid polymers. It is highly soluble in water and acts as an effective sequestrant, dispersing agent, and water softener. SHMP is widely used across various industries including food processing, water treatment, detergents, ceramics, and metallurgy. It helps control hardness, prevent scale formation, and stabilize formulations, making it valuable in both industrial and consumer applications.
Sodium Lactate
Sodium Lactate is a clear to slightly yellowish, viscous liquid obtained by neutralizing lactic acid with sodium hydroxide. It is widely used as a food additive, pharmaceutical excipient, and in cosmetic formulations due to its humectant, buffering, and antimicrobial properties. This grade is valued for its ability to retain moisture, regulate acidity, and act as a preservative in various industries. It also finds applications in the medical field as an electrolyte replenisher and pH stabilizer.
Sodium Metabisulphite
Sodium Metabisulphite is a white crystalline powder widely used as an antioxidant, disinfectant, and preservative. It dissolves readily in water, releasing sulfur dioxide, which acts as a powerful antimicrobial and antioxidant agent. This chemical finds broad applications in food processing, water treatment, pharmaceuticals, and industrial manufacturing to prevent spoilage, control microbial growth, and protect equipment from corrosion.
Sodium Methyl Paraben
Sodium Methyl Paraben is the sodium salt of methylparaben, a widely used preservative in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder that is water-soluble and effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria, molds, and yeasts. As a paraben derivative, it helps prevent microbial contamination and extends shelf life. It is often preferred over methylparaben in formulations where water solubility is required.
Sodium Nitrite
Sodium Nitrite is an inorganic white to slightly yellowish crystalline powder with the chemical formula NaNO₂. This versatile chemical serves as a powerful reducing agent, corrosion inhibitor, and food preservative, widely used in meat curing, pharmaceutical synthesis, and industrial applications. Its oxidative properties make it valuable for dye manufacturing and rubber processing while requiring careful handling due to its toxicity.
Sodium Starch Glycolate
Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) is a white to off-white, odorless, tasteless powder derived from potato or maize starch and chemically modified with carboxymethylation and cross-linking. It has the chemical formula (C₆H₁₀O₅)nNa and is widely used in solid dosage pharmaceutical formulations as a superdisintegrant. This 25kg grade is supplied in high-purity pharmaceutical and food-grade quality, offering excellent swelling capacity and rapid disintegration properties even at low concentrations.
Stabilizer
Stabilizers are additives used to maintain the physical and chemical properties of materials, preventing degradation caused by heat, light, oxygen, or mechanical stress. This product typically includes compounds like calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, or complex blends tailored for polymers, foods, cosmetics, or pharmaceuticals. They improve durability, shelf life, and performance of various formulations.
Stearic Acid
Stearic Acid (Triple Pressed) is a high-purity, saturated fatty acid derived primarily from vegetable fats. The triple pressing process enhances its purity, resulting in a fine, waxy solid with excellent consistency and reduced impurities. It is widely used as an emulsifier, thickener, and surfactant in various industries, providing stability and texture to products ranging from cosmetics to rubber and plastics.
Stearic Acid Cosmetic Acid
Stearic Acid Cosmetic Grade is a high-purity, saturated fatty acid specially refined for use in cosmetic and personal care products. It is a waxy, white solid known for its excellent emulsifying, thickening, and stabilizing properties. This grade ensures minimal impurities and is compatible with a wide range of formulations including creams, lotions, soaps, and deodorants, providing smooth texture and enhanced product stability.
Tartaric Acid
Tartaric Acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found in many plants, particularly grapes. It is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries due to its acidic properties and ability to act as a chiral building block in synthesis. This crystalline acid enhances flavor, stabilizes products, and serves as a key ingredient in baking powders, effervescent tablets, and various industrial applications.
Terpeniol 95%
Terpeniol 95% is a high-purity monoterpene alcohol derived primarily from natural sources such as pine oil and citrus peel oils. Known for its fresh, floral, and citrus-like aroma, Terpeniol is widely used in the fragrance and flavor industries. Its antimicrobial and solvent properties also make it valuable in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and cleaning formulations. The 95% purity ensures consistent performance in industrial and consumer applications.
Tetrasodium EDTA
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Tetrasodium EDTA is the tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, a powerful chelating agent widely used in industrial, personal care, and pharmaceutical applications. It effectively binds metal ions such as calcium and magnesium, preventing their interference in formulations. Its ability to enhance stability, improve efficacy, and prevent microbial growth makes it a multifunctional ingredient in a variety of chemical products.
Titanium Dioxide
Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) is a naturally occurring oxide of titanium known for its exceptional brightness and high refractive index. It is one of the most widely used white pigments in the world due to its excellent opacity, UV resistance, and chemical stability. Available in various crystalline forms—mainly rutile and anatase—it is used across numerous industries including paints, plastics, paper, cosmetics, and food. Industrial grades are often surface-treated to enhance performance in specific applications.
Triethanolamine
Triethanolamine (TEA) is a viscous, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild ammonia-like odor. It is a multifunctional organic compound widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, surfactant, and corrosion inhibitor. Triethanolamine neutralizes fatty acids to form soaps and helps stabilize emulsions, making it essential in personal care formulations and various chemical manufacturing processes. Its versatility and compatibility with other ingredients make it a valuable additive in numerous industries.
Triethanolamine
Triethanolamine (TEA) is a viscous, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild ammonia-like odor. It is a multifunctional organic compound widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, surfactant, and corrosion inhibitor. Triethanolamine neutralizes fatty acids to form soaps and helps stabilize emulsions, making it essential in personal care formulations and various chemical manufacturing processes. Its versatility and compatibility with other ingredients make it a valuable additive in numerous industries.
Triethanolamine (TEA) 99%
Triethanolamine (TEA) 99% is a high-purity grade of triethanolamine, a viscous, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild ammonia-like odor. This high-concentration grade is widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications where superior purity is required. It functions primarily as a pH adjuster, emulsifier, surfactant, and corrosion inhibitor. TEA 99% is essential in neutralizing fatty acids to form soaps and stabilizing emulsions, enabling improved texture and stability in personal care products, as well as in chemical manufacturing processes demanding high-quality inputs.
Tripotassium Citrate Monohydrate USP
Tripotassium Citrate Monohydrate USP is a pharmaceutical-grade potassium salt of citric acid, widely used for its alkalinizing, buffering, and chelating properties. It appears as a white crystalline powder and is highly soluble in water. This compound is primarily used to correct metabolic acidosis, act as a urinary alkalinizer, and serve as an additive in pharmaceutical, food, and industrial applications. The USP grade ensures compliance with United States Pharmacopeia standards, guaranteeing high purity and consistent quality.
Trisodium Citrate BP 98%
Trisodium Citrate BP 98% is a high-purity, pharmaceutical-grade salt of citric acid, widely used for its buffering, alkalizing, and chelating properties. It is a white crystalline powder that dissolves readily in water, forming an alkaline solution. This compound is primarily utilized in pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent, anticoagulant, and alkalizer. It also finds extensive use in food, cosmetic, and industrial applications. The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) grade ensures compliance with stringent quality standards for medicinal and food-grade use.
Tween 20 (Polysorbate 20)
Tween 20, also known as Polysorbate 20, is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier derived from the esterification of sorbitan (from sorbitol) with fatty acids, followed by ethoxylation. It is a pale yellow to amber viscous liquid that is completely soluble in water, making it ideal for emulsifying oil-in-water systems. Tween 20 is widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, biotechnology, and industrial formulations due to its excellent emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, and stabilizing properties.
Tween 60 (Polysorbate 60)
Tween 60, or Polysorbate 60, is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier synthesized from sorbitan monostearate and ethylene oxide. It is part of the polysorbate family and is used to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions in food, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. It appears as a yellowish, viscous liquid or waxy paste at room temperature. Known for its high Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB), Tween 60 is ideal for solubilizing fats, oils, and vitamins in aqueous solutions and enhancing product texture and shelf life.
Tween 80 (Polysorbate 80)
Tween 80, or Polysorbate 80, is a non-ionic surfactant and emulsifier derived from the ethoxylation of sorbitan monooleate. It is a pale yellow to amber viscous liquid with a mild odor and is completely soluble in water and many polar solvents. Tween 80 is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biotechnology, and industrial applications. Its high Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB ~15) makes it particularly effective in stabilizing oil-in-water emulsions and solubilizing lipophilic substances.
Urea
Urea is a highly water-soluble organic compound widely used as a nitrogen-release fertilizer in agriculture. It serves as a key source of nitrogen for plant growth and development. Apart from agriculture, urea is utilized in various industrial applications such as resin production, animal feed, and chemical manufacturing. Its high nitrogen content and easy handling make it a versatile and essential raw material in multiple sectors.
Veegum
Veegum is a purified magnesium aluminum silicate clay known for its excellent suspending, thickening, and stabilizing properties. It is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and industrial applications as a rheology modifier, suspension stabilizer, and emulsifier. Veegum enhances the texture, consistency, and stability of formulations, providing improved performance in both liquid and semi-solid systems.
White Mineral Oil Pharma
White Mineral Oil Pharma is a highly refined, colorless, odorless, and tasteless mineral oil meeting pharmaceutical-grade specifications. It is purified through extensive refining processes to ensure safety and compliance for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Known for its excellent lubricity, stability, and inertness, it serves as a versatile base or carrier oil in a wide range of formulations.
White Oil Tech Grade
White Oil Tech Grade is a highly refined mineral oil with excellent purity, designed primarily for technical and industrial applications. It is colorless, odorless, and chemically inert, offering excellent lubricity, stability, and moisture resistance. This grade of white oil is widely used as a base oil, lubricant, and processing aid across various manufacturing sectors, ensuring smooth operation and protection of equipment and products.
Whiting
Whiting is a finely ground, white, chalky substance primarily composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). It is widely used as a pigment, filler, and extender in various industrial and commercial applications. Whiting provides opacity, brightness, and smoothness to products, enhancing their appearance and physical properties. Its natural abundance and versatility make it an economical additive in multiple manufacturing processes.
Xantham Gum
Xanthan Gum is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide produced by fermentation of glucose or sucrose by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. It is widely used as a thickening, stabilizing, and emulsifying agent in various industries due to its excellent viscosity properties, even at low concentrations. Xanthan Gum imparts improved texture, consistency, and shelf life to finished products, making it indispensable in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial formulations.
Xylitol
Xylitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol used as a low-calorie sweetener. It is derived primarily from plant materials such as birch wood and corn cobs. Xylitol has sweetness comparable to sucrose but with fewer calories, making it popular in sugar-free and diabetic-friendly food products. It also exhibits dental health benefits by reducing the risk of cavities.
Zinc Stearate
Zinc Stearate is a fine, white powder composed of zinc salts of stearic acid. It is a hydrophobic, non-toxic metal soap widely used as a lubricant, release agent, and stabilizer in plastics, rubber, paints, coatings, and personal care industries. Known for its excellent mold-release properties and compatibility with a range of polymers, Zinc Stearate offers thermal stability and processing efficiency across industrial applications.
Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate
Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate (ZnSO₄·7H₂O) is a white, crystalline, water-soluble compound commonly used as a dietary supplement to treat zinc deficiency. It serves as a key ingredient in fertilizers, animal feeds, and industrial applications like water treatment and dyeing. The heptahydrate form contains seven water molecules, making it highly soluble and effective for various agricultural, medical, and chemical uses.
